FTX-1 第四部分:通信模式操作

📢 发布声明 / Publication Notice:本文为非官方中英对照编译,原文版权归 YAESU MUSEN CO., LTD.(日本八重洲无线株式会社)所有,编译底本为官方《FTX-1 Operation Manual》与《FTX-1 Advance Manual》。本手册仅供业余无线电技术交流与免费分享,不作商业售卖。法律声明
Unofficial Chinese–English compilation. Original copyright belongs to YAESU MUSEN CO., LTD. (translated/compiled from the official FTX-1 Operation Manual and FTX-1 Advance Manual). For amateur radio technical exchange and free sharing only; not for commercial sale.
PART IV第四部分通信模式操作Operating Modes
按模式分章:SSB / AM 语音、CW 报务、FM / C4FM 与中继、以及 FT8 / RTTY / PSK 数据模式。每一章都可以独立阅读,但第 17 章的收发基础操作建议先看。
17CHAPTER

语音通信(SSB / AM)

Voice Communications (SSB and AM)

本章要点:本章覆盖 SSB / AM 语音通联的完整设置链路:话筒增益校准 → AMC 增益校准 → 语音压缩器 →
发射功率 → 发射监听 → CLAR 微调和清零 → QRP 模式 → DNR 数字降噪 → 语音存储 → 接收音频录制 →
自动天线调谐器(ATU)。这些步骤建议按顺序一次性校准完毕:前面两步(话筒增益与 AMC)决定发射音频是否失真,
后面各项决定你听得多清楚、发得多省电。ATU 一节请先确认机型——内置 ATU 只有 FTX-1 optima 才有,
FTX-1 Field 必须外接 FC-40 / FC-80 一类天调。

17.1 话筒增益校准Adjusting the Microphone Gain

EN

When transmitting in SSB or AM mode, the FTX-1 transmit audio circuit can be set to the optimum operating
level by individually adjusting the input and output gains of the microphone amplifier. The AMC (Automatic
Microphone Gain Control) regulates the microphone audio so that distortion does not occur, even if excessive
audio is input.

  1. Touch the Meter Display and then touch “ALC” to select the ALC Meter.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [MIC GAIN].
  4. Key TX and adjust the [FUNC] knob to set the input level of the Microphone Amplifier to the position
    where the ALC Meter needle does not exceed the ALC zone on the audio peaks.

在 SSB 或 AM 模式下发射时,可以通过分别调整话筒放大器的输入增益与输出增益,把 FTX-1 的发射音频电路设置在最佳工作电平上。AMC(Automatic Microphone Gain Control,自动话筒增益控制)会自动调节话筒音频,
即使输入音频过大也不会产生失真。

  1. 触摸表头显示区,再触摸 “ALC” 选中 ALC 表(ALC Meter)。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [MIC GAIN](话筒增益)。
  4. 按下发射键发射,同时用 [FUNC] 旋钮调整话筒放大器的输入电平,使音频峰值时 ALC 表指针不超过
    ALC 区(ALC zone)
    。

注意 / NOTE
原话说得委婉,”Even if excessive audio is input” 不等于”可以把话筒增益开到冒表”。AMC 是为了防止偶发的大声讲话把波形切顶,不能替代正确的话筒增益设置。使用标配 SSM-75E 手持话筒时,嘴唇与话筒保持在约 2 ~ 3 cm、
偏离正面 30° ~ 45° 讲话,比贴着麦吼更容易获得干净、稳定的 ALC 指示。(社区经验)

AMC protects against occasional peaks; it is not a substitute for correct MIC gain.
With the supplied SSM-75E, speaking 2-3 cm off-axis gives a steadier ALC reading than shouting into the element.
(community-reported)

17.2 AMC 增益校准Adjusting the AMC Gain

EN

  1. Touch the Meter Display and then touch “COMP” to select the COMP Meter.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [AMC LEVEL].
  4. Activate the transmit and speak into the microphone while adjusting the AMC level with the [FUNC] knob.
  5. Adjust the AMC to a point where the COMP Meter deflection does not exceed “10dB” on the audio peaks.

Setup is completed.

  1. 触摸表头显示区,再触摸 “COMP” 选中 COMP 表(COMP Meter)。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [AMC LEVEL]。
  4. 起控发射并对着话筒讲话,同时用 [FUNC] 旋钮调整 AMC 电平。
  5. 将 AMC 调整到音频峰值时 COMP 表摆幅不超过 10 dB 的位置。

至此设置完成。

EN

The AMC function only works in LSB, USB, AM, AM-N, DATA-L, DATA-U and PSK modes. It does not work in
other modes.

AMC 功能仅在 LSB、USB、AM、AM-N、DATA-L、DATA-U 与 PSK 模式下工作,在其他模式下不工作。

表 17-1 发射音频电平校准速查Table 17-1 Transmit audio level alignment at a glance
步骤 调整对象 使用表头 合格标准 适用模式
第 1 步 MIC GAINMicrophone amplifier input ALC 峰值时指针不超出 ALC 区 LSB / USB / AM / AM-N
第 2 步 AMC LEVELAutomatic Mic Gain Control COMP 峰值时摆幅不超过 10 dB LSB / USB / AM / AM-N / DATA-L / DATA-U / PSK

17.3 语音压缩器Speech Processor

EN

The FTX-1 Speech Processor is designed to increase “talk power” by increasing the average power output of
the transmitted SSB signal.

  1. Adjust the MIC gain as described on the previous page.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [PROC LEVEL].
  4. Touch the Meter area on the display to select the “COMP” meter.

The transmit meter becomes the “COMP” meter.

  1. Press the PTT switch on the microphone, and speak into the microphone in a normal voice level.
  2. Adjust the [FUNC] knob to set the compression level within 10 dB.

FTX-1 的语音压缩器(Speech Processor)通过提高 SSB 发射信号的平均功率来提升”语言功率”
(talk power,即被对方听懂的能力)。

  1. 按上一节所述先调好话筒增益。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [PROC LEVEL](压缩电平)。
  4. 触摸显示屏上的表头区,选中 “COMP” 表。

此时发射表头切换为 “COMP” 表。

  1. 按下话筒上的 PTT 开关,用正常音量对着话筒讲话。
  2. 用 [FUNC] 旋钮把压缩电平(compression level)设置在 10 dB 以内。

EN

  • The Transmit Monitor is a helpful aid to verify proper adjustment of the Compression level.
  • The “PROC” indicator lights in the display.

Rotate the [FUNC] knob to the left to turn the speech processor function “OFF”.

  • 发射监听(Transmit Monitor)是判断压缩电平是否合适的好帮手。
  • 显示屏上会点亮 “PROC” 指示。

将 [FUNC] 旋钮向左旋到底,即可把语音压缩器功能设为 “OFF”(关闭)。

避坑指南 / PITFALL
语音压缩器只能在 LSB / USB 模式工作,在 AM、FM、C4FM、DATA 等模式下都不起作用——
如果发现 “PROC” 指示从来不亮,先确认当前是不是 SSB 模式。更重要的是手册原话的结论:
“The speech processor can distort the transmit waveform when used to increase the average TX power, so it is
not used in normal communication.” 也就是说,日常通联不要长开压缩器;只有在信号微弱、
对方读不清你的呼号,或者 Pile-up 里需要再挤出一点可读性时才短时启用。压缩量越大,
邻近频率上的 splatter(带外杂散)越明显,会被邻频台友抱怨。

The speech processor works only in LSB / USB. It also distorts the transmitted waveform when used to raise
average TX power, so leave it OFF for normal QSOs and enable it only momentarily when you need extra
readability. Heavy compression increases splatter on adjacent frequencies.
表 17-2 语音压缩器相关显示与控制Table 17-2 Speech processor indicators and controls
对象Item 类型Type 说明Description
PROC LEVEL 触摸键 进入压缩电平调整;配合 COMP 表使用
COMP Meter 表头 压缩量表,发射时读取;10 dB 以内为宜
PROC 显示指示 压缩器启用时点亮
[FUNC] 左旋到底 旋钮操作 将压缩器设为 OFF

17.4 射频输出功率控制RF Power Output Control

EN

Turn the [FUNC] knob to adjust the RF power output.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [RF POWER].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to adjust the RF power.

旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮即可调整射频(RF)输出功率。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [RF POWER]。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整 RF 输出功率。

17.5 发射监听MONITOR

EN

Use the Monitor feature to listen to the quality of the transmitted signal.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [MONI LEVEL].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to adjust the Monitor level.
  4. To cancel the monitor function, turn the [FUNC] knob to set “MONI LEVEL” to “OFF”.

Transmit audio monitor is not activate in the FM, FM-N, DATA-FM, D-FM-N, AM and AM-N modes.

使用监听(Monitor)功能可以试听自己发射信号的声音质量。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [MONI LEVEL](监听电平)。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整监听音量。
  4. 要取消监听功能,把 [FUNC] 旋钮旋至 “MONI LEVEL” 显示为 “OFF” 即可。

发射音频监听在 FM、FM-N、DATA-FM、D-FM-N、AM 和 AM-N 模式下不起作用。

避坑指南 / PITFALL
这是 SSB / CW 用户最容易陷入的死循环:不用耳机、用机内扬声器监听,一旦 MONI LEVEL 开得过大,
扬声器声音窜回话筒形成声反馈(啸叫);而这份持续的”话筒输入”又会把 VOX 系统锁挂在发射状态,
导致再也收不回来。请务必插入耳机监听;如果不得不用扬声器,就把 MONI LEVEL 压到能听清的最低档。

If you monitor over the internal speaker instead of headphones, excessive MONI LEVEL causes acoustic
feedback, which can hang the VOX in a loop and make it impossible to return to receive. Use headphones, or keep
the monitor level at its minimum usable setting.

17.6 澄清器CLAR (Clarifier)

EN

The clarifier is used to adjust the transceiver receive frequency to match the other station transmit
frequency and improve the audio; or to shift the transmit frequency of this station when the transmit
frequency of the contact station is shifted.

The display will indicate “CLAR RX” → “CLAR TX” → “CLAR RXTX” in red, each time the [CLAR] key is pressed,
and the clarifier will activate.

To adjust the offset frequency of the clarifier, turn the “MAIN DIAL” for the MAIN-side, or the “SUB DIAL”
for the SUB-side.

To turn the clarifier OFF, repeatedly press the [CLAR] key until the Clarifier status is not displayed.

To clear out the programmed clarifier offset altogether, and reset it to “zero,” press and hold the
[CLAR] key.

澄清器(Clarifier)的作用有二:一是微调本机接收频率去对准对方的发射频率,从而改善收听音质;
二是当对方发射频率本身有偏移时,偏移本机的发射频率去对准对方。

每按一次 [CLAR] 键,显示屏上会以红色依次显示 “CLAR RX” → “CLAR TX” → “CLAR RXTX”,
同时澄清器随之激活。

要调整澄清器的偏移频率:MAIN 侧转动 MAIN DIAL,SUB 侧转动 SUB DIAL。

要关闭澄清器:反复按 [CLAR] 键,直到屏上不再显示澄清器状态为止。

要彻底清除已设定的偏移量并归零(zero):按住 [CLAR] 键。

17.6.1 RX 澄清器RX Clarifier

EN

If the transmit frequency of the contact station deviates, this receiver clarifier frequency can be changed
leaving this transmit frequency unchanged.

  1. Press the [CLAR] key.
  2. Rotate the MAIN dial knob to change only the receive frequency.

When the receive frequency is offset by +20Hz.

Offsets of up to ±9995Hz may be set using the Clarifier.

如果对方的发射频率有偏差,可以改变本机的接收澄清器频率来对准它,本机的发射频率保持不变。

  1. 按一次 [CLAR] 键。
  2. 转动 MAIN 侧主旋钮,仅改变接收频率。

此时接收频率偏移量为 +20 Hz。

用澄清器最多可设置 ±9995 Hz 的偏移量。

17.6.2 把发射频率对齐到偏移频率Adjust transmit frequency to the offset frequency

EN

After changing the receiver frequency with RX Clarifier, the transmitter frequency can be set to the same
frequency as the receiver.

  1. After offsetting the receiver frequency, press the [CLAR] key twice. The transmit frequency becomes the
    same as the receive frequency. “CLAR RX” of the display changes to “CLAR RXTX”.
  2. Press the [CLAR] key twice, only the receive frequency returns to the offset state. “CLAR RXTX” of the
    display changes to “CLAR RX”.

用 RX 澄清器改变接收频率之后,可以把发射频率设置到与接收频率相同的位置。

  1. 在接收频率已偏移的状态下,再按两次 [CLAR] 键。发射频率变为与接收频率相同,
    屏上的 “CLAR RX” 变为 “CLAR RXTX”。
  2. 再按两次 [CLAR] 键,则只有接收频率回到偏移状态,屏上的 “CLAR RXTX” 变回 “CLAR RX”。

17.6.3 TX 澄清器TX Clarifier

EN

The transmit frequency can be changed without moving the receive frequency of the transceiver. Normally,
the clarifier is used to move only the receive frequency and compensate for the deviation of the transmission
frequency of the contact station, however alternatively, only the transmit frequency can be moved without
changing the transmitter. When responding to an operator that is called by a large number of stations such as
in a contest, etc., the response rate may increase if the transmit frequency is moved slightly.

  1. Press the [CLAR] key twice.
  2. Rotate the MAIN dial knob to change only the transmit frequency.
  3. To cancel Clarifier operation, press the [CLAR] key twice.

Offsets of up to ±9995Hz may be set using the Clarifier. To clear out the programmed clarifier offset
altogether, and reset it to “zero”, press and hold the [CLAR] key.

可以在不改变本机接收频率的前提下改变发射频率。通常澄清器用于只移动接收频率,以补偿对方发射频率的偏差;
但也可以反过来,只移动发射频率。比如在竞赛中回应一个被大量电台呼叫的操作员时,把发射频率略微挪开一点,
应答成功率可能会提高。

  1. 按两次 [CLAR] 键。
  2. 转动 MAIN 侧主旋钮,仅改变发射频率。
  3. 要取消澄清器操作,再按两次 [CLAR] 键。

用澄清器最多可设置 ±9995 Hz 的偏移量。要彻底清除偏移量并归零,按住 [CLAR] 键。

17.6.4 把接收频率对齐到 TX 偏移To offset the frequency with the TX Clarifier / Adjust receive frequency

EN

When the transmit frequency is offset with the TX Clarifier, it can be reset to the same frequency as the
TX frequency offset from the receive frequency.

  1. After offsetting the transmit frequency, press the [CLAR] key. The receive frequency becomes the same as
    the transmit frequency. “CLAR TX” of the display changes to “CLAR RXTX”.
  2. Press the [CLAR] key three times, only the transmit frequency returns to the offset state. “CLAR RXTX”
    of the display changes to “CLAR TX”.

用 TX 澄清器偏移发射频率之后,可以把接收频率也拉到与偏移后的发射频率相同的位置。

  1. 在发射频率已偏移的状态下,按一次 [CLAR] 键。接收频率变为与发射频率相同,
    屏上的 “CLAR TX” 变为 “CLAR RXTX”。
  2. 按三次 [CLAR] 键,则只有发射频率回到偏移状态,屏上的 “CLAR RXTX” 变回 “CLAR TX”。

表 17-3 CLAR 三种状态一览Table 17-3 Clarifier states
屏显Display 含义Meaning 典型用法Typical use
CLAR RX 仅接收频率偏移 对方跑调、本机发频不动
CLAR TX 仅发射频率偏移 避开 pile-up 主频,提高应答率
CLAR RXTX 收发整体偏移 把整台机器平移到对方实际频率
无显示 澄清器关闭 反复按 [CLAR] 直到状态消失
HAM 实战 · 技术提示FIELD NOTE
通联中如果发现”对方声音有点闷 / 有点尖”,先别急着转 MAIN DIAL 把主频跑掉——用 CLAR 拉 ±100 Hz
以内的小偏移去对拍,这样既对上了音频,又保住了主 VFO 频率,下一次按 [V/M] 存回来的还是干净的整频点。
做完一轮 QSO 记得按住 [CLAR] 把偏移量清零:手册给出的 ±9995 Hz 范围很大,
残留几百赫兹的偏移常常会被误判成”机器频率不准”。这个方法在守听稀有台的 pile-up(成堆呼叫)时尤其有用。
(社区经验)

Use CLAR for small offsets instead of drifting off the main VFO reading, and clear the offset by
pressing and holding [CLAR] after each QSO; otherwise a leftover few hundred Hz looks like a calibration error.
(community-reported)

17.7 QRP 模式QRP Mode

EN

Equipped with a QRP mode that allows you to set the maximum transmission output to “5W” on all bands. This
is useful for QRP contests.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [OPERATION SETTING] → [TX GNRL].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to select [QRP MODE].
  4. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to select “ON” or “OFF”.
  5. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.

本机配备 QRP 模式,可把所有波段的最大发射输出限制为 “5 W”,便于参加 QRP 竞赛。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [OPERATION SETTING] → [TX GNRL]。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选中 [QRP MODE]。
  4. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,选择 “ON” 或 “OFF”。
  5. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒,即可保存设置。

HAM 实战 · 技术提示FIELD NOTE
QRP MODE 限制的是上限,不是把功率固定住——开启后仍然可以用 [RF POWER] 把发射功率再往下调,
只是不会超过 5 W。这个组合非常适合用 FTX-1 Field 配外接电池做野外通联的场景:
开启 QRP MODE 后即使误碰 RF POWER,也不会瞬间把电池和末级推到满功率。(社区经验)

QRP MODE caps the ceiling rather than fixing the level; you can still reduce output further with
[RF POWER]. It is a useful safety net against accidentally going full power on battery. (community-reported)

17.8 数字降噪DNR (Digital Noise Reduction)

EN

The Digital Noise Reduction (DNR) system is designed to reduce the level of ambient noise. The (DNR)
system is especially effective during SSB operation. Any of 10 different noise-reduction algorithms can be
selected; each of these algorithms was created to deal with a different noise profile. You will want to
experiment with the DNR system to find the best setting corresponding to the noise currently being
experienced.

The DNR function can be operated individually for MAIN-side and SUB-side.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [DNR].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to adjust the DNR level.

The “DNR” indicator lights in the display.

  1. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to the left to turn the DNR function “OFF”.

数字降噪(Digital Noise Reduction,DNR)系统用于降低环境噪声电平,在 SSB 操作时尤其有效。
共有 10 种不同的降噪算法档位可供选择,每一种算法针对不同的噪声特征设计。建议多加尝试,
找出与当前所遇噪声最匹配的设置。

DNR 功能可在 MAIN 侧与 SUB 侧分别独立操作。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [DNR]。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整 DNR 等级。

显示屏上会点亮 “DNR” 指示。

  1. 将 [FUNC] 旋钮向左旋到底,可把 DNR 功能设为 “OFF”。

技术提示 / TIP
把 DNR 当作逐档微调的量:一档一档往上加,加到你发现人声开始出现”水声 / 金属感”就退回一档,
那一档通常是当前噪声背景下的最佳点。SSB 上 1 ~ 3 档往往已经足够;降噪开到头虽然安静,
但会把弱信号一起抹掉,抄收 DX 时反而更吃亏。由于 MAIN 侧与 SUB 侧可分别独立设置,
在异频(SPLIT)工作时可以只对接收侧把 DNR 开高一点。

Increase the DNR level step by step until the audio starts sounding “watery” or metallic, then back off one
step. Low levels usually suffice; maximum settings can erase weak DX along with the noise. MAIN and SUB are set
independently.

17.9 语音存储Voice Memory

EN

The Voice Memory capability of the FTX-1 may be used to store and replay often repeated messages. The
Voice Memory includes five memories.

When performing Voice memory, a commercially available microSD card is necessary.

FTX-1 的语音存储功能可以把经常重复的呼叫语录下来并反复重放。语音存储共有 5 条存储位。

使用语音存储功能时,必须插入市售 microSD 存储卡。

17.9.1 录制自己的语音Recording Your Own Voice in Memory

EN

  1. Insert a commercially available microSD memory card into the SD card slot on the left side of the
    transceiver.
  2. Select the LSB, USB, AM, AM-N, FM or FM-N mode.
  3. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  4. Touch [MESSAGE]. The “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen will be displayed.
  5. Touch [MEM] on the display. A blinking “REC” will appear in the display.
  6. Touch [1] through [5] on the display to select that memory storage register.
  7. Press the microphone PTT switch momentarily. The “REC” icon will glow steadily and recording will begin.
  8. Release the PTT switch to complete the message storage process.
  • “REC” lights up on the display while recording is in progress.
  • Remember that the time limit for recording any message is 90 seconds.
  1. 将市售 microSD 卡插入收发信机左侧的 SD 卡槽。
  2. 选择 LSB、USB、AM、AM-N、FM 或 FM-N 模式。
  3. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  4. 触摸 [MESSAGE],显示 “MESSAGE MEMORY”(消息存储)画面。
  5. 触摸屏上的 [MEM],屏上出现闪烁的 “REC”。
  6. 触摸屏上的 [1] ~ [5],选择要存入的存储位。
  7. 短按一下话筒 PTT 开关,”REC” 图标转为常亮,开始录音。
  8. 松开 PTT 开关,即完成该条消息的存储过程。
  • 录音进行中,屏上 “REC” 点亮。
  • 请注意每条消息的录制上限为 90 秒。

17.9.2 回放检查Checking the Recording

EN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [BK-IN] to turn OFF the BK-IN function.
  3. Touch [MESSAGE]. The “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen will be displayed.
  4. Touch [1] through [5] on the display (whichever register was just recorded in). The “MSG” icon will
    appear in the display and the audio recorded in the Voice Memory will be heard.
  • To adjust the playback volume level, turn the [FUNC] knob or touch [RX LEVEL] when not playing, and
    then turn the [FUNC] knob to adjust.
  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [BK-IN],把 BK-IN 功能关闭(OFF)。
  3. 触摸 [MESSAGE],显示 “MESSAGE MEMORY” 画面。
  4. 触摸屏上刚录制过的那个存储位 [1] ~ [5]。屏上出现 “MSG” 图标,并可以听到语音存储里录进去的声音。
  • 要调整回放音量:在未播放时旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸 [RX LEVEL] 后再旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整。

17.9.3 发射已存储的消息Transmitting the Recorded Message

EN

  1. Select the LSB, USB, AM, AM-N, FM or FM-N mode.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [BK-IN] to turn ON the BK-IN function.
  4. Touch [MESSAGE].
  5. Touch [1] through [5] on the display (whichever memory was recorded in). A “MSG” icon will appear in the
    display and the message will be transmitted.
  • To adjust the output level during transmit, touch [TX LEVEL] and turn the [FUNC] knob.
  1. 选择 LSB、USB、AM、AM-N、FM 或 FM-N 模式。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [BK-IN],把 BK-IN 功能打开(ON)。
  4. 触摸 [MESSAGE]。
  5. 触摸屏上已录制消息的 [1] ~ [5]。屏上出现 “MSG” 图标,该条消息将被发射出去。
  • 发射中要调整输出电平:触摸 [TX LEVEL],再旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮。

避坑指南 / PITFALL
[BK-IN] 是语音存储的”发射开关”,也是最容易出错的地方:
试听时必须 OFF,真正上机发射时必须 ON。很多”反复试都以为没录进去”其实是 BK-IN 还开着——
你一按 [1] 就把刚录的内容直接发射出去了,而此时本机正处于发射状态,喇叭里自然听不到任何回放。
另外,语音存储只在 LSB / USB / AM / AM-N / FM / FM-N 模式可用,在 C4FM / DATA / RTTY 等模式下不会如愿工作。

BK-IN must be OFF when checking a recording and ON when actually transmitting it. Voice Memory works only in
LSB / USB / AM / AM-N / FM / FM-N.

17.10 接收音频录制Record the Received Audio

EN

You can record and play the received audio on the microSD memory card. Record and play of the received
audio may be operated from the Display Panel.

  • Only audio from the MAIN side will be recorded. The SUB side audio cannot be recorded.
  • When performing record and play of the received audio, a commercially available microSD card is
    necessary.
  • The maximum recording time for one file is about 16 hours. (Maximum file size limit approx. 3.5GB)
    Recording stops automatically when the maximum file size limit is exceeded.
  • Audio files other than those recorded by this unit cannot be played.

可以把接收音频录制到 microSD 卡上并回放。录制与回放均可在显示屏面上操作。

  • 只有 MAIN 侧的声音会被录制,SUB 侧的声音无法录制。
  • 录制与回放接收音频时,必须使用市售 microSD 卡。
  • 单个文件的最长录音时间约为 16 小时(文件大小上限约 3.5 GB)。超过文件大小上限时会自动停止录音。
  • 无法播放本机以外录制的音频文件。

[RECORD]开始录制
触摸后 “S.REC” 图标闪烁并开始录音Starts recording; the “S.REC” icon blinks

[STOP]停止录制
结束录音,屏上 “S.REC” 熄灭Ends recording; “S.REC” turns off

[PLAY]回放列表
显示 “PLAY LIST” 画面Opens the “PLAY LIST” screen

[►]播放
开始播放选中文件Starts playback of the selected file

[◄◄] / [►►]前进 / 后退
用于切换文件;播放中可快进/后退 5 秒Select files; advance or back up 5 seconds

[RX LEVEL]回放音量
未播放时触摸后旋 [FUNC] 调整音量Touch when stopped, then turn [FUNC] to set volume

[DELETE]删除
删除选中的录音文件Erases the selected file

[BACK]返回
回到常规操作画面Returns to normal operation

EN

Recording the received audio

  1. Insert a commercially available microSD memory card into the SD card slot on the left side of the
    transceiver.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [RECORD]. A “S.REC” icon will blink and recording will begin. The recording time depends on the
    capacity of the SD memory card used.
  4. Touch [STOP] to end recording. “S.REC” on the display turns OFF.

录制接收音频

  1. 将市售 microSD 卡插入收发信机左侧的 SD 卡槽。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [RECORD],”S.REC” 图标闪烁并开始录音。可录音时长取决于所使用 SD 卡的容量。
  4. 触摸 [STOP] 结束录音,屏上 “S.REC” 熄灭。

EN

Play the recorded content

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [PLAY]. The “PLAY LIST” screen will be displayed.
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to select the file name you want to play. You can also select it by touching
    [◄◄] or [►►].
  4. Touch [►] to start playback.
  5. Rotate the [FUNC] knob during playback to adjust the volume. You can also adjust the volume by touching
    [RX LEVEL] and turning the [FUNC] knob when not playing.
  6. Touch [BACK] to return to normal operation.

回放录音内容

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [PLAY],显示 “PLAY LIST” 画面。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选择要播放的文件名;也可以触摸 [◄◄] 或 [►►] 来选择。
  4. 触摸 [►] 开始播放。
  5. 播放过程中旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮可调整音量;也可以在未播放时触摸 [RX LEVEL] 并旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整。
  6. 触摸 [BACK] 回到常规操作画面。

EN

The “PLAY LIST” screen shows the File name, the Selected file name, Recorded time, Start playback,
Frequency and Mode, together with the Playback elapsed time, pause and Volume controls, plus
“Advance for 5 seconds” and “Back for 5 seconds”.

“PLAY LIST” 画面上显示的信息包括:文件名(File name)、当前选中文件名(Selected file name)、
已录时长(Recorded time)、播放启动(Start playback)、频率(Frequency)、模式(Mode),
以及播放经过时间(Playback elapsed time)、暂停(pause)、音量(Volume)、前进 5 秒
(Advance for 5 seconds)、后退 5 秒(Back for 5 seconds)。

EN

Erase the recorded content

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [PLAY]. The “PLAY LIST” screen will be displayed.
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to select the file name you want to delete.
  4. Touch [DELETE].
  5. Touch [OK] to delete it.

删除录音内容

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [PLAY],显示 “PLAY LIST” 画面。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选择要删除的文件名。
  4. 触摸 [DELETE]。
  5. 触摸 [OK] 确认删除。(如需放弃,选择取消。)

表 17-4 接收录音功能要点Table 17-4 Received-audio recording facts
项目Item 规定Specification
可录制的接收机 仅 MAIN 侧
必需配件 市售 microSD 卡
单文件最长时长 约 16 小时
单文件大小上限 约 3.5 GB
可播放文件 仅限本机录制的文件
语音存储(对比项) 5 条,每条最长 90 秒

17.11 自动天线调谐器(ATU)Using the Automatic Antenna Tuner (FTX-1 optima only)

避坑指南 / PITFALL
先确认机型再照做。自动天线调谐器(ATU)是 FTX-1 optima 的内置部件,每一台 FTX-1 optima 都自带。
FTX-1 Field 没有内置 ATU,不要期待 Field 机上会出现 [TUNER] /
[ANT TUNE] 那样的天调菜单;需要自动天调时应外接 FC-40 / FC-80 等选购件(详见第 17.11.3 节的对照表)。

The built-in ATU is fitted to every FTX-1 optima only. FTX-1 Field has no internal ATU; use an optional
external tuner such as the FC-40 / FC-80 instead.
EN

The Automatic Antenna Tuner (ATU) is built into each FTX-1 optima. The ATU is designed to ensure that a
50-Ohm antenna impedance load is presented to the final amplifier stage of the transmitter.

  • Because the FTX-1 optima ATU is located inside transceiver, it can only adjust the impedance presented
    to the transceiver end of the coaxial cable feedline. It does not “tune” the SWR at the antenna feed point
    itself.
  • When designing and building an antenna system, we recommend that every effort be made to also ensure a
    low SWR at the antenna feed point.
  • The ATU in the FTX-1 optima is designed to match impedances within the range of 16.7 Ohms to 150 Ohms,
    corresponding to an SWR of 3:1 or less on the HF amateur bands (6 m amateur band: 25 Ohms to 100 Ohms,
    corresponding to an SWR of 2:1 or less). Accordingly, simple non-resonant whip antennas, along with
    random-length wires and the “G5RV” antenna (on most bands) may not be within the impedance matching range
    of the ATU.
  • The built-in antenna tuner cannot be used with an antenna connector connected to an external antenna
    tuner.

自动天线调谐器(Automatic Antenna Tuner,ATU)内置于每一台 FTX-1 optima。ATU 的作用是确保向发射机末级放大呈现 50 Ω 的天线阻抗负载。

  • 由于 ATU 位于收发信机内部,它只能调整同轴馈线机器端呈现的阻抗,并不能调谐天线馈电点本身的 SWR。
  • 因此,在设计和架设天线系统时,建议尽最大努力也让天线馈电点处本身具有较低的 SWR。
  • ATU 的阻抗匹配范围为 HF 业余波段 16.7 Ω ~ 150 Ω(对应 SWR 3:1 以下);
    6 m 业余波段为 25 Ω ~ 100 Ω(对应 SWR 2:1 以下)。因此,简易的非谐振鞭状天线、
    任意长度的随机长线以及 “G5RV” 天线(在多数波段上)可能超出 ATU 的阻抗匹配范围。
  • 天线接口上已经连接了外接天调时,不能使用内置天调。

17.11.1 ATU 操作ATU Operation

EN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [TUNER] to place the ATU in the transmit line (no adjustment or tuning will occur yet).
    While the ATU function is activated, the “TUNE” will be displayed.
  3. Touch [ANT TUNE] key to begin automatic tuning. The transmitter will be engaged, and “TUNE” will be
    blinks while tuning is in progress.
  4. To disengage the ATU from the transmit line, touch [TUNE].
  • Always listen on the operating frequency before beginning the tuning process, to be sure tuning will
    not interfere with others who may already be using the frequency.
  • When the optimum tuning point has been achieved, the transceiver will return to receive.
  • It is normal to hear the sound of the relays while tuning is in progress.
  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [TUNER],把 ATU 接入发射链路(此时尚未进行调整或调谐)。ATU 功能激活期间,
    屏上显示 “TUNE”。
  3. 触摸 [ANT TUNE] 键开始自动调谐。此时发射机起控,调谐过程中 “TUNE” 闪烁。
  4. 要把 ATU 从发射链路中撤出,触摸 [TUNE]。
  • 开始调谐之前务必先在该频率上守听,确认不会干扰可能正在使用该频率的其他电台。
  • 达到最佳调谐点后,收发信机会自动回到接收状态。
  • 调谐过程中听到继电器动作的声音是正常现象。

17.11.2 ATU 记忆规则About ATU Memories

表 17-5 调谐后 SWR 与 ATU 记忆行为Table 17-5 Post-tuning SWR and ATU memory behaviour
调谐后 SWRSWR (after tuning) ATU 行为ATU behaviour 应对What to do
小于 2:1 存入 ATU 存储器 再次回到同一频率可自动调用
大于 2:1 不存入存储器 回到同一频率必须重新调谐
大于 3:1 “HI-SWR” 图标点亮,即使勉强调谐也不记忆 先排查高 SWR 成因并解决,再继续使用该天线
HAM 实战 · 技术提示FIELD NOTE
看懂 ATU 的三级反馈,就能判断”天线真的好,还是只是天调在硬扛”:小于 2:1 会被记忆,
说明这个频点可以用;大于 2:1 不记忆,每次回到这个频率都要重新按 [ANT TUNE];
大于 3:1 亮 “HI-SWR”,这时别再反复调谐了——先把天线系统本身修好(馈线、接头、长度、接地),因为我们已经知道
ATU 只能保证机器端看到 50 Ω,馈线上的驻波并没有消失,越硬扛损耗越大。(社区经验)

Under 2:1 the setting is memorised; above 2:1 it is not; above 3:1 the “HI-SWR” icon lights and you must fix
the antenna itself. Remember the ATU only presents 50 Ω at the radio end – feedline SWR remains.
(community-reported)

17.11.3 外置天调选购件(FTX-1 Field 用)Optional External Antenna Tuners (for FTX-1 Field)

EN

FTX-1 Field does not include a built-in antenna tuner. When automatic antenna tuning is required, connect
an optional external tuner such as the FC-40 or the FC-80. Remember that whenever an external antenna tuner is
connected to the antenna connector, the built-in ATU of the FTX-1 optima must not be used.

FTX-1 Field 不内置天线调谐器。需要自动天调时,请连接 FC-40 或 FC-80 等选购外置天调。
请注意:只要天线接口上连接了外接天调,就不能再使用 FTX-1 optima 的内置 ATU。

表 17-6 外置天调选购件(FTX-1 Field 用)Table 17-6 Optional external antenna tuners (for FTX-1 Field)
选购件 适用 与内置 ATU 的关系
FC-40 外接自动天调(长线天线用) FTX-1 Field 无内置 ATU 时使用;外接天调接在天线接口上时,不可同时使用内置天调
FC-80 外接自动天调(选购件) 同上;FTX-1 optima 若已外接天调,同样不应启用内置 ATU

17.12 进阶功能索引Further Functions (refer to the Advanced Manual)

EN

For additional details on the following Functions, refer to the Advanced Manual which may be downloaded
from the Yaesu website.

以下功能的详细说明,请从 Yaesu 网站下载《进阶手册》(Advanced Manual)参考。

表 17-7 需查进阶手册的功能Table 17-7 Functions detailed in the Advanced Manual
功能 英文原名 要点
音调静噪 Tone squelch feature 只在收到含指定 CTCSS 音码的信号时才打开扬声器;与对方设为同一音码即可安静守听
数字编码静噪 DCS (Digital Code squelch) 只在收到同一 DCS 码的信号时才出声
数字组 ID DG-ID (Digital Group ID) 用两位数字 ID 只与特定小组成员的电台通信
数字个人 ID DP-ID (Digital Personal ID) 在数字模式下,只在收到与本台设定相同 DP-ID 的 C4FM 信号时才打开扬声器
参量式话筒均衡器 Parametric Microphone Equalizer 独立的三频段(低/中/高)控制;语音压缩器 OFF 与 ON(仅 SSB)可各存一组设置
可调接收音频滤波器 Adjustable Receiver Audio Filter 可分别精确控制接收音频的低频高端与高频高端;可按模式分别设定
EN

You can change each of the high, mid, and low frequencies of the received audio to your liking. It can be
set for each mode.

可以按自己的喜好,分别改变接收音频的高频、中频与低频三段。该设置可按每个模式分别保存。

18CHAPTER

CW 报务操作

CW Mode Operation

本章要点:本章把 CW 从头到尾理一遍:接线与开机 → 侧音音量 → 零拍校频(ZIN / SPOT / Tuning Offset
Indicator)→ 收发转换延迟时间 → 电子键控器四大参数(速度、点划比、极性、键控模式)→ 竞赛存储键控器 →
文本存储 → 竞赛序号自动递增。建议的调试顺序是先校频、再定侧音、最后调键控器:
频率校不准时,手速调得再舒服也通不上。

18.1 CW 通联的基本设定Basic Setup for CW Operation

EN

The impressive CW operating capabilities of the FTX-1 permit operating with an Electronic Keyer Paddle,
a “Straight Key”, or a computer based keying device.

  1. Before starting, connect the key cable to the left side panel KEY jack.
  2. Set the operating mode to CW-U. The normal “CW” mode utilizes USB-side carrier injection.
  3. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  4. Touch [BK-IN] to turn ON the BK-IN function.
  5. Touch [MONI LEVEL] and then turn the [FUNC] knob to adjust the volume of the monitor.
  6. When using the keyer paddle, press and hold the [FUNC] knob and then touch [KEYER] to turn ON the
    Electronic Keyer.
  7. When the key or the keyer paddle is pressed, the transmitter will automatically be engaged.

FTX-1 具备出色的 CW 操作能力,可以使用电子键控器拨片(Electronic Keyer Paddle)、
手键(Straight Key)或电脑键控装置进行 CW 操作。

  1. 开始前,把电键线连接到左侧面板的 KEY 插孔。
  2. 把操作模式设为 CW-U。通常的 “CW” 模式使用 USB 侧的载波注入方向。
  3. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  4. 触摸 [BK-IN],把 BK-IN 功能设为 ON。
  5. 触摸 [MONI LEVEL],再旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整监听音量。
  6. 使用键控器拨片时,按住 [FUNC] 旋钮后触摸 [KEYER],把电子键控器设为 ON。
  7. 按下手键或键控器拨片时,发射机会自动起控。

EN

As shipped from the factory, the FTX-1 CW TX/RX is configured for “Semibreak-in” operation. However,
using Menu item “CW BK-IN TYPE”, this setup may be changed to full break-in (QSK) operation, wherein the
switching is quick enough to hear incoming signals in the spaces between the dots and dashes of the
transmission. This may prove very useful during contest and traffic handling operations.

出厂时,FTX-1 的 CW 收发被配置为半插入(Semibreak-in)方式。不过通过菜单项
“CW BK-IN TYPE”,可以把这种设置改为全插入(full break-in,QSK)操作——此时收发切换足够快,
能在自己的点与划之间的空隙里听到对方来的信号。这在竞赛和报文转发(traffic handling)操作中非常有用。

18.2 侧音音量调整Adjusting the Sidetone Audio Level

EN

The CW sidetone audio level may be adjusted by press and hold the [FUNC] knob, then touch [MONI LEVEL],
and then rotating the [FUNC] knob.

CW 侧音音量可以这样调整:按住 [FUNC] 旋钮 → 触摸 [MONI LEVEL] → 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮。

18.3 CW 校频(零拍)CW Spotting (Zero-Beating)

EN

“Spotting” (zeroing in on another CW station) is a handy technique to ensure the transceiver and the other
station are operating precisely on the same frequency.

The Tuning Offset Indicator in the display may also be moved to adjust the receiver frequency to center on
the incoming station with the CW pitch corresponding to that of the transmit signal.

Turn OFF the Tuning Offset Indicator using Menu item “CW INDICATOR”.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [CW SETTING] → [MODE CW].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to select [CW INDICATOR].
  4. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to select “ON” or “OFF”.
  5. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.

“Spotting”(零拍到另一个 CW 电台)是一项很实用的技术,用来确保本台与对方台工作在完全相同的频率上。

显示屏上的调谐偏移指示器(Tuning Offset Indicator)也可以随之移动,用来调整接收频率,
使之对准来台的中心,让接收 CW 音调与本台发射信号的音调一致。

可以通过菜单项 “CW INDICATOR” 关掉调谐偏移指示器。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [CW SETTING] → [MODE CW]。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选中 [CW INDICATOR]。
  4. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,选择 “ON” 或 “OFF”。
  5. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。

EN

ZIN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [ZIN] to cause the receiving frequency to zero-in automatically while receiving the CW signal.

SPOT

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [CW SPOT].
  3. While you are pressing and holding the [FUNC] knob, the tone is output from the speaker.
  • The Spot tone audio level may be adjusted by press and hold the [FUNC] knob, then touching
    [MONI LEVEL], and rotating the [FUNC] knob.

ZIN(自动零拍)

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [ZIN],在接收 CW 信号的同时自动把接收频率零拍对准。

SPOT(校频单音)

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [CW SPOT]。
  3. 持续按住 [FUNC] 旋钮期间,扬声器会输出一个单音。
  • 校频单音的音量可以这样调整:按住 [FUNC] 旋钮 → 触摸 [MONI LEVEL] → 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮。

HAM 实战 · 技术提示FIELD NOTE
CW 新手最容易踩的坑,是没意识到”听到的音调和对方的频率不是同一件事”:
你耳朵里的音调其实是对方的频率与你本机频率之差,真正零拍(差值为 0 Hz)时反而听不到任何音调。
所以请按这个顺序用:① 收到信号后先触摸 [ZIN],让机器把接收频率自动零拍到对方上;
② 再触摸 [CW SPOT] 并按住 [FUNC] 旋钮(单音只在按住期间发出),
耳朵里会出现两个音调之间的差拍声,慢慢转主旋钮直到拍频消失,此时你与对方就在同一个频率上;
③ 侧音音量请调到与接收音调接近:按住 [FUNC] → 触摸 [MONI LEVEL] 调整,
这样自己发出的零拍和收到的零拍在耳朵里是同一个音高,判断拍频就不用再反复试。
(社区经验)

Use [ZIN] to auto-zero first, then [CW SPOT] while holding [FUNC] and tune slowly until the beat note
disappears. Match the sidetone level to the received pitch via [MONI LEVEL] so zero-beating is easy to judge by
ear. (community-reported)

18.4 CW 延迟时间设置CW Delay Time Setting

EN

During semi-break-in (not QSK) operation, the hang time of TX, after the transmitting ends may be
adjusted to a comfortable value corresponding with the sending speed.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [BK-DELAY].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to adjust the hang time for comfortable operation.
  4. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob to save the setting.

在半插入(非 QSK)操作时,发射结束之后的 TX 挂起时间(hang time)可以调整到一个与发报速度相称的舒适值。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [BK-DELAY]。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,把挂起时间调整到操作舒适为止。
  4. 再次按住 [FUNC] 旋钮保存设置。

18.5 电子键控器设置Setting of the Electronic Keyer

18.5.1 调整键控速度Adjusting the Keyer Speed

EN

Keyer speed can be adjusted by rotating the [FUNC] knob. Press [FUNC], then touch [CW SPEED], and rotate
the [FUNC] knob to set the desired sending speed (4 wpm – 60 wpm).

键控速度可通过旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整:按 [FUNC] 后触摸 [CW SPEED],再旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,
即可设定所需的发报速度,范围为 4 wpm ~ 60 wpm。

18.5.2 设置点划比(权重)Setting the Keyer Weight (Dot/Dash) Ratio

EN

This Menu item may be used to adjust the dot/dash ratio for the built-in Electronic Keyer. The default
weighting is 3:0 (a dash is three times longer than a dot).

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [CW WEIGHT].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to set the weight to the
    desired value. The available adjustment range is a Dot/Dash ratio of 2.5 – 4.5 (default value: 3.0).
  4. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  5. Press the [BACK] key several times to return to normal operation.

本菜单项用于调整内置电子键控器的点划比(dot/dash ratio)。默认权重为 3.0
(一划等于三个点的长度)。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [CW WEIGHT]。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,把权重设为所需值。可调范围为点划比
    2.5 ~ 4.5(默认值 3.0)。
  4. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  5. 按几次 [BACK] 键回到常规操作。

18.5.3 反转键控器极性Reversing the Keyer Polarity

EN

The Keyer polarity can be reversed easily in the Menu mode without changing the keyer connections (the
default setting is “NOR”).

Example: for left-handed operators in a contest.

In the Keyer modes described on the chart at the right, BUG and OFF modes are not changed.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [CW SETTING] → [KEYER].
  3. Select [KEYER DOT/DASH].
  4. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to set the “REV”.
  5. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  6. Press the [BACK] key several times to return to normal operation.

键控器极性可以在菜单模式中轻松反转,无需改动键控器接线(默认设置为 “NOR”)。

典型场景:竞赛中由左手操作的人员使用。

在下表所列的键控器模式中,BUG 与 OFF 两种模式下此项无效(不会被改变)。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [CW SETTING] → [KEYER]。
  3. 选择 [KEYER DOT/DASH]。
  4. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,设为 “REV”。
  5. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  6. 按几次 [BACK] 键回到常规操作。

18.5.4 选择键控器操作模式Selecting the Keyer Operating Mode

EN

The configuration of the Electronic Keyer may be customized for the FTX-1. This permits utilization of
Automatic Character Spacing (ACS), if desired.

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [CW SETTING] → [KEYER].
  3. Select [KEYER TYPE].
  4. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to set the keyer to the
    desired operating mode, see the table below.
  5. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  6. Press the [BACK] key several times to return to normal operation.

FTX-1 的电子键控器配置可以自定义,其中包括可选的自动字符间隔(Automatic Character Spacing,ACS)功能。

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [CW SETTING] → [KEYER]。
  3. 选择 [KEYER TYPE]。
  4. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,把键控器设为所需的操作模式
    (见下表)。
  5. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  6. 按几次 [BACK] 键回到常规操作。

表 18-1 KEYER TYPE 可选模式Table 18-1 Available KEYER TYPE settings
模式 行为 说明Notes
OFF 内置电子键控器关闭 即 “straight key”(手键)模式
BUG 点由键控器自动生成,划必须手动发送 极性反转对此模式无效
ELEKEY-A 在松开拨片两侧时,发出一个码元(点或划) 最常见的电子键控方式之一
ELEKEY-B 松开拨片两侧时,先发出当前正在生成的划侧,随后发出点侧(或相反顺序) iambic B 类行为
ELEKEY-Y 按下拨片两侧时,先发划侧后发点侧(或相反顺序);在发射划侧期间,最先按下的点侧不会被存储 iambic Y 类行为
ACS 与 “ELEKEY” 相同,但字符间隔由键控器精确设定为等于一个划的长度(三个点长) 字符间隔过短时建议启用;编程竞赛存储时建议使用
技术提示 / TIP
如果你总觉得对方抄收你的呼号、名字或信号报告时”字符粘成一片”,先把 KEYER TYPE 设为 ACS 试试:
ACS 会把字符间隔精确锁成三个点长,肉眼/肉耳最舒服。反过来,如果你练的就是 iambic 挤压手感,
就用 ELEKEY-A / ELEKEY-B / ELEKEY-Y 三者之一;三者的差别只在”同时挤压两片时的行为”,
建议固定用一种练熟,不要频繁切换。手键模式下应设为 OFF,此时 [CW SPEED] / [CW WEIGHT] 也不参与。

Choose ACS if your characters sound run-together; otherwise pick one iambic flavour (A/B/Y) and stay with it.
Set KEYER TYPE to OFF for a straight key.

18.6 竞赛存储键控器Contest Memory Keyer

EN

The CW message capability of the FTX-1 may be controlled either from the Transceiver Front Panel.

Message Memory

Five CW memory channels capable of retaining 50 characters each are available (using the PARIS standard for
characters and word length).

Example: CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K (19 characters)

FTX-1 的 CW 消息功能可以从收发信机前面板进行控制。

消息存储

共有 5 条 CW 存储信道,每条可保存 50 个字符(字符数与字长按 PARIS 标准计算)。

示例:CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K(19 个字符)

18.6.1 把消息存入存储器Storing a Message into Memory

EN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [CW SETTING] → [KEYER].
  3. Select the CW Memory Register (“CW MEMORY 1” to “CW MEMORY 5”) into which the message is to be stored;
    for now, the message entry technique is being set to “Keyer Entry” for the selected CW Memory register.
  4. Set the selected CW Memory Register to “MESSAGE”. To use the Keyer Paddle for message entry on all the
    memories, set all five Menu items to “MESSAGE”.
  5. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  6. Press the [BACK] key several times to return to normal operation.
  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [CW SETTING] → [KEYER]。
  3. 选择要存入消息的 CW 存储位(”CW MEMORY 1″ ~ “CW MEMORY 5″);此处是把该存储位的
    消息输入方式设为 “Keyer Entry”(用拨片输入)。
  4. 把选中的 CW 存储位设为 “MESSAGE”。如果想对所有存储位都用拨片输入,就把这五个菜单项
    全部设为 “MESSAGE”。
  5. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  6. 按几次 [BACK] 键回到常规操作。

18.6.2 用拨片编程消息Message Memory Programming (Using your Paddle)

EN

  1. Set the operating mode to CW.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [BK-IN] to turn it “OFF”.
  4. Touch [KEYER] to turn it “ON”. The built-in Electronic Keyer is activated.
  5. Touch [MESSAGE]. The “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen will be displayed.
  6. Touch [MEM] on the display. A blinking “REC” will appear in the display.
  7. Touch [1] through [5] on the display to select that memory storage register.
  • The “REC” will glow steadily.
  1. Send the desired CW message using the keyer paddle.
  2. Touch [MEM] on the display to end message recording.
  1. 把操作模式设为 CW。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [BK-IN] 把它设为 “OFF”。
  4. 触摸 [KEYER] 把它设为 “ON”,此时内置电子键控器被激活。
  5. 触摸 [MESSAGE],显示 “MESSAGE MEMORY” 画面。
  6. 触摸屏上的 [MEM],屏上出现闪烁的 “REC”。
  7. 触摸屏上的 [1] ~ [5],选择要存入的存储位。
  • 此时 “REC” 转为常亮。
  1. 用键控器拨片发出所需的 CW 消息。
  2. 触摸屏上的 [MEM] 结束消息录制。

注意 / NOTE
发码编程时请格外注意字母之间、单词之间的间隔是否准确。如果节奏不对,存进去的消息里的间隔也会跟着错。
为了便于编排键控器存储内容,原厂建议在编程键控器存储时把菜单项 “KEYER TYPE” 设为 “ACS”
(自动字符间隔)
。这也意味着:先用 ACS 录完消息,再把 KEYER TYPE 改回你常用的 iambic 模式,
是一个很省事的做法。

Send with accurate letter and word spacing, otherwise the stored message will inherit the errors. Yaesu
recommends setting KEYER TYPE to ACS while programming the keyer memories.

18.6.3 检查 CW 存储内容Checking the CW Memory Contents

EN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [BK-IN] to turn it “OFF”.
  3. Touch [MONI LEVEL] and then turn the [FUNC] knob to adjust the volume of the monitor.
  4. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  5. Touch [MESSAGE]. The “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen will be displayed.
  6. Touch [1] – [5] on the display, whichever memory was just recorded. The message will be played and heard
    in the sidetone monitor, but no RF energy will be transmitted.
  • The “MSG” will appear in the display.
  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [BK-IN] 把它设为 “OFF”。
  3. 触摸 [MONI LEVEL],再旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整监听音量。
  4. 再次按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  5. 触摸 [MESSAGE],显示 “MESSAGE MEMORY” 画面。
  6. 触摸屏上刚录制过的那个存储位 [1] ~ [5]。消息将被播放,并可在侧音监听中听到,
    但不会有射频能量发射出去。
  • 屏上会显示 “MSG”。

18.6.4 上机发射 CW 消息On-The-Air CW Message Playback

EN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [BK-IN] to turn it “ON”.
  3. Touch [MESSAGE]. The “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen will be displayed.
  4. Touch [1] – [5] on the display to transmit the recorded CW Memory Register message. The programmed
    message will be transmitted on the air.
  • During a transmission, the same key may be pressed again to immediately end the transmission.
  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [BK-IN] 把它设为 “ON”。
  3. 触摸 [MESSAGE],显示 “MESSAGE MEMORY” 画面。
  4. 触摸屏上的 [1] ~ [5],发射该 CW 存储位中已录制的消息。编程好的消息将被发射到空中。
  • 发射过程中,再次按下同一个按键可立即中止发射。

18.6.5 信标模式发射Transmitting in the Beacon Mode

EN

In “Beacon” mode, any programmed message, (either via Paddle, or via “Text” input method) may be
repeatedly transmitted. The time delay between message repeats may be set from 1 to 60 seconds, in one
second steps, via Menu item “REPEAT INTERVAL”.

  1. Touch and hold [1] – [5] on the display. Repetitive transmission of the Beacon message will begin.
  2. Press the same key again to cancel the Beacon Mode.

在 “Beacon”(信标)模式下,任何已编程的消息(无论是用拨片还是用 “Text” 文本方式输入的)
都可以被重复发射。消息之间的重复间隔时间可通过菜单项 “REPEAT INTERVAL” 设置为
1 ~ 60 秒,步进为 1 秒。

  1. 长按屏上的 [1] ~ [5],开始重复发射该信标消息。
  2. 再次按下同一个按键,取消信标模式。

避坑指南 / PITFALL
信标模式是自动重复发射,请在发射前先确认该频率空闲(Beacon 频段除外),并把自己呼号编进消息里。
60 秒的重复间隔配合自动发射,很容易让人离开频率后又忘了关机;收工时务必记得再按同一个存储键取消。
另外,短按 = 单次发射、长按 = 信标循环,这两者的区别要练熟,别在 pile-up 里误触发连续发射。

Beacon mode transmits repeatedly; check the frequency is clear, include your callsign in the message, and
cancel it by pressing the same memory key when you finish.

18.7 文本存储Text Memory

EN

The five channels of CW message memory (up to 50 characters each) may also be programmed using a
text-entry technique. This technique is somewhat slower than sending the message directly from the keyer
paddle, but accuracy of character spacing is ensured. Be sure to enter the character “}” at the end of the
text message.

Example 1: CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K} (20 characters)

The sequential Contest Number (“Count up”) feature is another impressive feature of the CW Memory Keyer.

Example 2: 599 10 200 # K} (15 characters)

这 5 条 CW 消息存储位(每条最多 50 个字符)也可以用文本输入的方式来编程。
这种方式比直接用键控器拨片发码慢一些,但字符间隔的准确性有保证。
请务必在文本消息的末尾输入 “}” 字符。

示例 1:CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K}(20 个字符)

CW 存储键控器另一个出色功能是可依次递增的竞赛序号(”Count up”)。

示例 2:599 10 200 # K}(15 个字符)

18.7.1 文本存储设置Text Memory Storage

EN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [CW SETTING] → [KEYER].
  3. Select the CW Memory Register (“CW MEMORY 1” to “CW MEMORY 5”) into which a message is to be stored. For
    now, the message entry technique is being set to (Text entry) for the selected CW Memory Register.
  4. If Text Message entry is to be used for all five memories, set all five CW Memory Register Menu items to
    “TEXT”.
  5. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  6. Press the [BACK] key several times to return to normal operation.
  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [CW SETTING] → [KEYER]。
  3. 选择要存入消息的 CW 存储位(”CW MEMORY 1″ ~ “CW MEMORY 5″);此处是把该存储位的
    消息输入方式设为文本输入(Text entry)。
  4. 如果五条存储位都要用文本方式输入,就把这五个 CW 存储位菜单项全部设为 “TEXT”。
  5. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  6. 按几次 [BACK] 键回到常规操作。

18.7.2 文本消息编程Text Message Programming

EN

  1. Set the operating mode to CW.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [MESSAGE]. The “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen will be displayed.
  4. Touch [MEM] on the display.
  5. Touch [1] through [5] on the display to select that memory storage register. The text input screen will
    appear.

The following texts are programmed to MEMORY 4 and MEMORY 5 in factory default.

MEMORY 4: DE FTX-1 K}
MEMORY 5: R 5NN K}

  1. Touch the character keys on the display to enter the letters, numbers, or symbols of the desired label.
    Use the “#” character to designate the position where the Contest Number will appear.
  2. When the text entry is completed, touch [ENT].
  3. When all the characters have been programmed, touch [BACK] to exit.
  1. 把操作模式设为 CW。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [MESSAGE],显示 “MESSAGE MEMORY” 画面。
  4. 触摸屏上的 [MEM]。
  5. 触摸屏上的 [1] ~ [5] 选择存储位,屏上出现文本输入画面。

以下两条文本在出厂默认状态下已编入 MEMORY 4 与 MEMORY 5:

MEMORY 4:DE FTX-1 K}
MEMORY 5:R 5NN K}

  1. 触摸屏上的字符键,输入所需内容的字母、数字或符号。用 “#” 字符来指定竞赛序号出现的位置。
  2. 文本输入完成后,触摸 [ENT]。
  3. 所有字符编程完毕后,触摸 [BACK] 退出。

18.7.3 检查内容 / 上机发射Checking the CW Memory Contents / On-The-Air Playback

EN

  1. Set the operating mode to CW.
  2. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [BK-IN] to turn it “OFF” (for checking) / “ON” (for transmission).
  4. Touch [MONI LEVEL] and then turn the [FUNC] knob to adjust the volume of the monitor.
  5. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob, then touch [MESSAGE] to open the “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen.
  6. Touch [1] – [5] on the display. With BK-IN OFF the message plays in the sidetone monitor with no RF
    energy transmitted; with BK-IN ON the programmed message will be transmitted on the air.
  • “MSG” will appear in the display.
  • During transmit, press the same key again, to immediately cancel the transmission.
  1. 把操作模式设为 CW。
  2. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [BK-IN]:检查时设为 “OFF”,上机发射时设为 “ON”。
  4. 触摸 [MONI LEVEL],再旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮调整监听音量。
  5. 再次按住 [FUNC] 旋钮,触摸 [MESSAGE] 打开 “MESSAGE MEMORY” 画面。
  6. 触摸屏上的 [1] ~ [5]。BK-IN 为 OFF 时,消息只在侧音监听里播放、不发射射频能量;
    BK-IN 为 ON 时,编程好的消息将被发射到空中。
  • 屏上会显示 “MSG”。
  • 发射过程中,再次按下同一个按键可立即取消发射。

18.8 竞赛序号Contest Number

EN

If “#” is entered in the CW message, the contest number will automatically increment (count up) each time
the message is sent. See below to set the contest number.

Contest Number Programming

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Select [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [CONTEST NUMBER].
  3. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to set the Contest Number to
    the desired value.
  4. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  5. Press the [BACK] key several times to return to normal operation.

如果在 CW 消息中输入了 “#”,每次发送该消息时竞赛序号都会自动递增(count up)。
竞赛序号的设置方法如下。

竞赛序号编程

  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 依次选择 [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [CONTEST NUMBER]。
  3. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,把竞赛序号设为所需数值。
  4. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  5. 按几次 [BACK] 键回到常规操作。

EN

Decrementing the Contest Number

Use this process if the current contest number gets ahead of the actual number. For example: in case of a
duplicate QSO.

Touch [DECnnnn] on “MESSAGE MEMORY” screen. The current Contest Number will be reduced by one. If you go
too far, use the “Contest Number Programming” technique described above.

递减竞赛序号

当当前竞赛序号跑到了实际序号前面时(例如遇到重复通联的情况),可以用这个方法。

在 “MESSAGE MEMORY” 画面上触摸 [DECnnnn],当前竞赛序号会减 1。如果减过头了,
就用上面介绍的”竞赛序号编程”方法重新设定。

表 18-2 CW 键控器参数速查Table 18-2 CW keyer parameter quick reference
参数 操作路径 / 触摸键 范围(默认值) 备注
CW SPEED [CW SPEED] 4 ~ 60 wpm 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮设定
CW WEIGHT [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [CW WEIGHT] 2.5 ~ 4.5(3.0) 点划比;一划 = 三个点长
KEYER DOT/DASH [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [KEYER DOT/DASH] NOR / REV(默认 NOR) BUG 与 OFF 模式下不受影响
KEYER TYPE [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [KEYER TYPE] OFF / BUG / ELEKEY-A / ELEKEY-B / ELEKEY-Y / ACS 详见表 18-1
BK-DELAY [BK-DELAY] 可调 半插入下的 TX 挂起时间;按住 [FUNC] 保存
CW BK-IN TYPE 菜单项 Semibreak-in(默认)/ full break-in QSK QSK 可在点划空隙听见对方
CW INDICATOR [CW SETTING] → [MODE CW] → [CW INDICATOR] ON / OFF 调谐偏移指示器的显示开关
CONTEST NUMBER [CW SETTING] → [KEYER] → [CONTEST NUMBER] 可设定 配合消息中的 “#” 自动递增;可用 [DECnnnn] 减 1
REPEAT INTERVAL 菜单项 1 ~ 60 秒(1 秒步进) 信标模式的重复间隔
MONI LEVEL [MONI LEVEL] OFF 起可调 同时决定侧音与校频单音音量
19CHAPTER

FM / C4FM 与中继操作

FM / C4FM Mode & Repeater Operation

本章要点:本章解决 VHF / UHF 上”能不能通”的三件事:怎么选通信模式(AMS 自动识别还是固定模式)、
中继台该怎么设(差频方向、音码、ARS)、以及欧规中继的 1750 Hz 单音呼叫怎么发。
中继通联里九成的”叫不到”,其实都出在差频方向设反、CTCSS 音码不对、
静噪(SQL)拧太紧这三件事上。

19.1 通信模式选择Selecting the Communication Mode

19.1.1 用 AMS(自动模式选择)应对 VHF / UHFUsing AMS (Automatic Mode Select) function for VHF/UHF

EN

The FTX-1 transceiver is equipped with the AMS (Automatic Mode Select) function which automatically
selects the communication mode corresponding to the received signal.

  1. Press and hold the [N/W] key. The operation mode selection screen appears on the display.
  2. Touch [AMS]. When a signal is received, the communication mode is automatically switched and the
    communication mode display changes.

FTX-1 收发信机配备 AMS(Automatic Mode Select,自动模式选择)功能,可根据接收信号自动选择相应的通信模式。

  1. 按住 [N/W] 键,屏上出现操作模式选择画面。
  2. 触摸 [AMS]。此后一旦收到信号,通信模式会自动切换,屏上的通信模式显示也随之改变。

19.1.2 固定通信模式Fixing the Communication Mode

EN

  1. Press and hold the [N/W] key. The operation mode selection screen appears on the display.
  2. Touch [FM], [C4FM] or [VW].
  1. 按住 [N/W] 键,屏上出现操作模式选择画面。
  2. 触摸 [FM]、[C4FM] 或 [VW] 三者之一,锁定该通信模式。

表 19-1 通信模式说明Table 19-1 Communication mode descriptions
模式名 图标Icon 说明Description of modes
V/D mode(语音与数据同时传输) C4FM 这是标准的数字模式。不易因子数字语音信号的检错与纠错而产生通话中断
Voice FR mode(语音全速率模式) VW 使用 12.5 kHz 全带宽进行高速数据通信,可实现高质量语音通信
FM mode FM 使用 FM 模式的模拟通信

19.2 中继台操作Repeater Operation

EN

  1. Set the operating mode to FM.
  2. Set to the desired repeater output frequency (downlink from the repeater).
  3. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  4. Select [RADIO SETTING] → [MODE FM] → [RPT SHIFT].
  5. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to select the desired
    repeater shift direction. The selections are: “–” → “SIMP” → “+” → “ARS”.
  6. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to select [SQL TYPE].
  7. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to select “ENC”.
  8. Rotate the [FUNC] knob to select [TONE FREQ].
  9. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value to select the desired
    CTCSS Tone to be used. A total of 50 standard CTCSS tones are provided (see the CTCSS Tone Chart).
  10. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  11. Press the [BACK] key several times to return to normal operation.

Press and hold the microphone PTT switch to begin transmitting.

  1. 把操作模式设为 FM。
  2. 设到所需的中继台输出频率(即中继台下发的下行频率)。
  3. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  4. 依次选择 [RADIO SETTING] → [MODE FM] → [RPT SHIFT]。
  5. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,选择所需的中继差频方向。
    可选项依次为:“–” → “SIMP” → “+” → “ARS”。
  6. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选中 [SQL TYPE]。
  7. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,选中 “ENC”。
  8. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选中 [TONE FREQ]。
  9. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸数值两侧的 “<” / “>”,选择所要使用的 CTCSS 音码。
    本机提供共 50 个标准 CTCSS 音码(见 CTCSS 音码表)。
  10. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  11. 按几次 [BACK] 键回到常规操作。

按住话筒上的 PTT 开关即可开始发射。

EN

To program the proper repeater shift, use Menu items “RPT SHIFT(28MHz)”, “RPT SHIFT(50MHz)”,
“RPT SHIFT(144MHz)” and “RPT SHIFT(430MHz)” as appropriate.

要设置正确的中继差频,请按波段分别使用菜单项 “RPT SHIFT(28MHz)”、”RPT SHIFT(50MHz)”、
“RPT SHIFT(144MHz)”、”RPT SHIFT(430MHz)”
。

表 19-2 CTCSS 音码频率表(50 个标准音)Table 19-2 CTCSS Tone Frequency chart (Hz)
67.0 69.3 71.9 74.4 77.0 79.7 82.5
85.4 88.5 91.5 94.8 97.4 100.0 103.5
107.2 110.9 114.8 118.8 123.0 127.3 131.8
136.5 141.3 146.2 151.4 156.7 159.8 162.2
165.5 167.9 171.3 173.8 177.3 179.9 183.5
186.2 189.9 192.8 196.6 199.5 203.5 206.5
210.7 218.1 225.7 229.1 233.6 241.8 250.3
254.1 — — — — — —

19.3 单音呼叫(1750 Hz)Tone Calling (1750 Hz)

EN

  1. Press and hold the [FUNC] knob.
  2. Touch [T-CALL] to generates a 1750 Hz burst tone to access the European repeater.
  3. Once access to the repeater has been gained, you may touch [T-CALL] again, and use the PTT switch for
    activating the transmitter thereafter.
  1. 按住 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  2. 触摸 [T-CALL],产生一个 1750 Hz 脉冲单音,用来打开欧洲制式中继台。
  3. 一旦成功打开中继,可以再次触摸 [T-CALL] 结束单音,之后就正常使用 PTT 开关控制发射了。

技术提示 / TIP
中继通联最常见的三个坑,请按顺序排查:① 差频方向设反——先确认本地中继是上差还是下差,
菜单里 “–” / “+” / “SIMP”(同频,不走差频)/ “ARS”(自动)四项别选错;注意差频是按波段分别存的,
28 MHz、50 MHz、144 MHz、430 MHz 各有自己的 RPT SHIFT,144 MHz 设好的方向不会带到 430 MHz。
② 音码不对——中继在上行要求 CTCSS 时,SQL TYPE 要设 “ENC”,并在 TONE FREQ 里选中与中继一致的那一个;
本机有 50 个标准音码,别凭印象选最接近的,错一位中继就不理你。
③ 静噪过紧——SQL 拧太深会把远处中继的下行信号也切掉,表现是”能发射但从来听不到回话”。
另外别忘了:输入的应该是中继台的输出频率(下行),而不是你的上行频率。

Check in order: correct shift direction (“–” / “+” / “SIMP” / “ARS”, stored per band), SQL TYPE “ENC” with the
exact CTCSS tone, and a squelch that is not so tight it cuts the repeater downlink. Enter the repeater output
(downlink) frequency, not your uplink.
20CHAPTER

数据模式(FT8 / RTTY / PSK)

DATA (FT8 / RTTY / PSK) Operation

本章要点:本章讲用 USB 线把 FTX-1 与电脑连起来做数据通信:先解决虚拟 COM 端口驱动,
再用一个 [PRESET] 把 FT8 所需的多个设置一次性调好;最后给出 PRESET 中 15 项可改参数的完整清单,
以及 RTTY / PSK 的设置与”发不出功率 / 收不到音频”的排查路径。

20.1 与个人电脑连接Connecting to a Personal Computer

EN

The transceiver and a PC may be connected with a commercially available USB cable (Type-C) to operate data
communications using commercially available software and freeware.

Before connecting a RTTY communications TU (Terminal unit) or DATA Communications Device to the transceiver,
also refer to the instruction manual of the connected device.

To connect to a PC using a USB cable, a Virtual COM port driver must be installed on the PC. Visit the
Yaesu website http://www.yaesu.com/ to download the Virtual COM port driver and Installation Manual.

收发信机可以通过市售 USB 线(Type-C)与个人电脑连接,借助市售软件或免费软件进行数据通信。

在把 RTTY 通信用的 TU(Terminal Unit,终端单元)或数据通信设备连接到收发信机之前,
也请一并参考所连接设备的使用说明书。

要通过 USB 线连接电脑,必须在电脑上安装虚拟 COM 端口驱动(Virtual COM port driver)。
请访问 Yaesu 网站 http://www.yaesu.com/ 下载虚拟 COM 端口驱动程序及安装手册。

EN

Connection overview: Commercially available USB Type-C (A-C) cable → To USB port.

连接示意:市售 USB Type-C(A-C)线 → 接至 USB 端口。

注意 / NOTE
驱动安装必须先于第一次插线操作完成;否则 Windows 会把它识别成一个”未知设备”,
后续即使补装驱动,设备管理器里也可能留下占着 port number 的僵尸 COM 端口。
如果 CAT 软件里怎么都找不到端口,先把设备管理器里重复的端口删掉重插一次。(社区经验)

Install the Virtual COM port driver before the first USB connection, otherwise Windows may create a zombie COM
port that later CAT software cannot use. (community-reported)

20.2 FT8 操作FT8 Operation

EN

The multiple settings required for FT8 operation may be set with one touch of [PRESET]. In addition, the
FT8 settings can be returned to the prior settings with one touch.

  1. Touch the operation mode area, or press and hold the [N/W] key.
  2. The operation MODE selection screen appears on the display, then touch [PRESET], or rotate the [FUNC]
    knob to select [PRESET] then press the [FUNC] knob.
  3. Touch [PRESET] or select [PRESET] via the [FUNC] knob, the settings will be confirmed and then the
    operating screen will return.
  4. Touch [PRESET] again, the [PRESET] settings are canceled and the original settings are restored.

The color of the [PRESET] shows the current state.

Blue: Enable the [PRESET] settings
Gray: Disable the [PRESET] settings

FT8 操作所需的多项设置可以一次触摸 [PRESET] 全部设定好;同样地,也只有再触摸一下,
就能把 FT8 设置还原到之前的状态。

  1. 触摸操作模式区域,或按住 [N/W] 键。
  2. 屏上出现操作模式(MODE)选择画面后,触摸 [PRESET];
    也可以旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选中 [PRESET] 再按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  3. 触摸 [PRESET] 或通过 [FUNC] 旋钮选中 [PRESET],设置即被确认,随后返回操作画面。
  4. 再次触摸 [PRESET],[PRESET] 设置被取消,恢复到原来的设置。

[PRESET] 的颜色表示当前状态:

蓝色:启用 [PRESET] 设置
灰色:停用 [PRESET] 设置

表 20-1 [PRESET] 状态识别Table 20-1 Reading the [PRESET] state
显示颜色Colour 状态State 含义Meaning
蓝色Blue Enable 启用 [PRESET] 设置(FT8 参数生效)
灰色Gray Disable 停用 [PRESET] 设置(恢复为之前的设置)

20.3 更改 [PRESET] 设置Change the [PRESET] Setting

EN

Five channels of the 15 listed in the table below are registered in [PRESET]. These settings may be
changed as needed.

  1. Touch and hold [PRESET], the operation mode selection screen appears on the display.
  2. Touch the PRESET 1 to 5 settings to be changed.
  3. Touch the desired item, or rotate the [FUNC] knob to select the desired item, then press the [FUNC]
    knob.
  4. Rotate the [FUNC] knob, or touch “<” or “>” on either side of the value setting that is to be
    changed.
  5. Press the [FUNC] knob, or wait for about 3 seconds to save the setting.
  6. Press the [BACK] key twice to return to the operation MODE selection screen. After about 5 seconds, the
    operation screen will return.

[PRESET] 中登记的功能取自下表所列 15 项,共提供 5 个预设档位;这些设置都可以按需要更改。

  1. 长按 [PRESET],屏上出现操作模式选择画面。
  2. 触摸 PRESET 1 ~ 5 中要修改的那一档。
  3. 触摸所需的条目;或旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮选中该条目,再按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮。
  4. 旋转 [FUNC] 旋钮,或触摸要修改的数值两侧的 “<” / “>”。
  5. 按一下 [FUNC] 旋钮,或等待约 3 秒保存设置。
  6. 按两次 [BACK] 键返回操作模式选择画面;约 5 秒后自动返回操作画面。

表 20-2 [PRESET] 可设置项一览(共 15 项,粗体为默认值)Table 20-2 [PRESET] available settings (default in bold)
功能Function 可设置值Available settings (Default: bold)
CAT-1 RATE 4800bps / 9600bps / 19200bps / 38400bps / 115200bps(粗体为出厂默认值)
CAT-1 TIME OUT TIMER 10msec / 100msec / 1000msec / 3000msec
CAT-1 CAT-3 STOP BIT 1bit / 2bit
AGC FAST DELAY 20msec – 160msec – 4000msec(步进 20msec)
AGC MID DELAY 20msec – 500msec – 4000msec(步进 20msec)
AGC SLOW DELAY 20msec – 1500msec – 4000msec(步进 20msec)
LCUT FREQ OFF / 100Hz – 1000Hz(步进 50Hz)
LCUT SLOPE 6dB/oct / 18dB/oct
HCUT FREQ OFF / 700Hz – 3200Hz – 4000Hz(步进 50Hz)
HCUT SLOPE 6dB/oct / 18dB/oct
USB OUT LEVEL 0 – 50 – 100
TX BPF SEL 50-3050Hz / 100-2900Hz / 200-2800Hz / 300-2700Hz / 400-2600Hz
MOD SOURCE MIC / USB / Bluetooth / AUTO
USB MOD GAIN 0 – 50 – 100
RPTT SELECT OFF / RTS / DTR

关于默认值的说明:手册在此处标注”粗体为默认值”(Default: Bold)。上表的粗体值系按手册
“最小值 – 默认值 – 最大值”的书写格式推定(例如 “AGC FAST DELAY:20msec – 160msec – 4000msec”、
“USB OUT LEVEL:0 – 50 – 100″,中间值即为默认值);如遇 CAT-1 RATE 这类纯枚举清单,
单看文字无法确定哪一项为出厂值,请以本机屏幕上实际加粗显示的那一档为准。

20.4 RTTY / PSK 操作RTTY / PSK Operation

EN

RTTY-L / RTTY-U, DATA-L / DATA-U and PSK are among the operating modes of the FTX-1, and they are run over
the same USB connection described above. Before connecting a RTTY communications TU (Terminal unit) or DATA
Communications Device to the transceiver, also refer to the instruction manual of the connected device.

The items most relevant to RTTY / PSK are found among the [PRESET] functions: MOD SOURCE, USB MOD GAIN,
USB OUT LEVEL, TX BPF SEL, LCUT / HCUT settings, CAT-1 RATE and RPTT SELECT.

RTTY-L / RTTY-U、DATA-L / DATA-U 与 PSK 都属于 FTX-1 的操作模式,它们复用上面所述的同一条 USB 连接。
在把 RTTY 通信用的 TU(终端单元)或数据通信设备接到收发信机之前,请同时参考所连接设备的使用说明书。

与 RTTY / PSK 关系最密切的设置项,都在 [PRESET] 的功能清单里:MOD SOURCE、USB MOD GAIN、
USB OUT LEVEL、TX BPF SEL、LCUT / HCUT 系列设置、CAT-1 RATE 以及 RPTT SELECT
。

EN

Minimum working setup (an editor-compiled checklist built from the [PRESET] items above; follow your
software’s requirements for actual values):

  1. Install the Virtual COM port driver, then connect the PC with a USB Type-C (A-C) cable.
  2. Select the operating mode appropriate to the software in use.
  3. Long-press [PRESET], open PRESET 1 – 5 and confirm that MOD SOURCE is set to USB (or AUTO), and that USB
    MOD GAIN is not 0.
  4. In the software, select the matching USB audio device and CAT COM port, then set the PTT method to match
    RPTT SELECT.

最小可用配置(以下为编者按上述 [PRESET] 项目整理的检查清单,具体参数仍以软件要求为准):

  1. 安装虚拟 COM 端口驱动,然后用 USB Type-C(A-C)线连接电脑。
  2. 根据所用软件,选择相应的操作模式。
  3. 长按 [PRESET],打开 PRESET 1 ~ 5,确认 MOD SOURCE 已设为 USB(或 AUTO),
    且 USB MOD GAIN 不为 0。
  4. 在软件中选择对应的 USB 音频设备与 CAT 的 COM 端口,并把 PTT 方式与 RPTT SELECT 的设置对应起来。

避坑指南 / PITFALL
“按下发射,软件在走序列,但机器没功率”——按这个顺序查:
① MOD SOURCE:还停在 MIC 时,机器的音频来源不是 USB,当然发不出去;改为 USB(或 AUTO)。
② USB MOD GAIN:设成 0 等于没有调制信号。
③ RPTT SELECT:OFF 时本机不会响应软件通过 RTS / DTR 发出的发射请求;按软件实际用的那一根改成 RTS 或 DTR。
④ CAT-1 RATE:9600 / 19200 / 38400 / 115200bps 中,必须与软件里选的波特率完全一致,否则 CAT 控制不上。
⑤ MODE 是否选对:还在 LSB / USB 语音模式下跑软件产生的调制音,
多半既没有正确的发射带宽、也 weld不上对方的解码;应切到软件要求的数据模式。

“发射正常,但软件里没有瀑布、收不到报”——按这个顺序查:
① USB OUT LEVEL 是否被改成了 0(默认值为 50);
② SQL 是否拧得太紧,把接收音频整个静掉了;
③ 软件里选的音频输入设备是不是本机对应的 USB 音频设备(系统里往往有不止一个);
④ [PRESET] 是否已停用(灰色)——此时接收侧的参数已还原到常规设置,与 FT8 状态下表现不同是正常的。
另外,每次排查前先把 [PRESET] 恢复到已知状态(先触摸一次进入蓝色、再触摸一次回到灰色),
保证起点一致,再逐项改动。(社区经验)
No RF output: confirm MOD SOURCE is USB (or AUTO), USB MOD GAIN is not 0, RPTT SELECT matches the RTS/DTR line
used by the software, CAT-1 RATE matches the software baud rate exactly, and the correct data mode is selected.
No waterfall / no decode: check USB OUT LEVEL is not 0 (default 50), the squelch is open, the software has
selected the right USB audio input, and note that [PRESET] being gray returns the receiver settings to normal.
Always start troubleshooting from a known [PRESET] state. (community-reported)

HAM 实战 · 技术提示FIELD NOTE
FT8 请把 [PRESET] 当成”一键进入与一键退出”来用:进入蓝色 [PRESET] 之前,
先记下你常用的 AGC 与音频设置;FT8 结束后再触摸一次 [PRESET] 让它变回灰色,
机器就恢复到你原来的 SSB / CW 设置。
如果你想把 FT8 的参数改得不一样(比如 AGC SLOW DELAY、USB OUT LEVEL),就长按 [PRESET]
打开 PRESET 1 ~ 5 里去改,而不是在别的菜单里东改一处西改一处——一旦记不清改了哪几项,
最后往往只能”恢复出厂设置”。(社区经验)

Treat [PRESET] as one-touch in / one-touch out for FT8, and make any parameter changes inside PRESET 1-5 rather
than scattering them across other menus, so recovery is easy. (community-reported)

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