China Civil UAV Theory Questions — Questions 233–242

With the propulsion system working at a constant level, the aircraft's pitching motion affects its climb and descent, unrelated to turning. The maximum pitch angle limits the maximum angles of climb and descent of the track in the vertical plane.

Inertial navigation uses inertial elements (accelerometers) to measure the carrier's own acceleration, integrating to obtain velocity and position, thereby navigating and positioning the carrier. Advantages: ① does not rely on external information and does not radiate energy outward — good concealment, not subject to interference. ② can work all-weather, all the time, in the air, on the Earth's surface, and underwater. ③ can provide position, velocity, heading, attitude angle data, with good navigation information continuity and low noise. ④ high data update rate, good short-term accuracy and stability. Disadvantages: ① positioning error grows with time, poor long-term accuracy (option A, 'no drift,' is wrong). ② requires a long initial calibration time before each use. ③ expensive equipment. ④ cannot provide time information.

Track planning requires working with electronic maps: selecting suitable map plug-ins and performing graphic-element annotation. Electronic maps deviate from actual geographic position information during operations, so calibration is needed; for subsequent missions in the area, use the already-calibrated map.

For pitch angle, only the maximum matters, because the minimum is 0° — level flight. For turning radius, only the minimum matters, because the maximum is infinite — no turn.

No-fly zones, obstacles and adverse terrain are flight environment limits that should be avoided as much as possible and marked on the map as no-fly areas. Aircraft service life is not within the scope of mission planning.

The key to mission planning is solving how the UAV flies, so track planning is the most central; the stem's ordering also shows track planning listed first among the four functions.

The 'task allocation' step in the mission planning workflow includes payload planning, communications planning and target allocation.

A UAV must execute a mission, so mission planning must include the target point. Because multiple tracks must be planned to handle various situations, there is not only an optimal track but also suboptimal tracks.

An emergency route responds to unexpected situations during flight, which may require an emergency forced landing or a safe return. Options A and B are each incomplete, so choose C.

Study note: understand first, then allocate. ① By elimination: attitude control and navigation control are operations during flight, unrelated to mission planning — rule out A and C. ② The mission planning workflow includes task understanding, environment assessment, task allocation, track planning, track optimization and track evaluation.