CRAC Bilingual Manual › Part: General Operating Rules and Practices
CRAC Bilingual Exam Manual (Class A / B / C) | 中国业余无线电台操作技术能力验证英中对照手册
This section covers International Radio Regions with 27 bilingual questions from the CRAC 2025 question bank. Each question shows the original Chinese (left) and the English translation (right). The correct answer is highlighted in green, followed by a Knowledge Point Analysis and Candidate Tips covering US–China differences, common pitfalls, and real on-air practice.
Class badges ABC indicate which license-class syllabus includes each question. Class A is the entry level, Class B adds HF privileges, and Class C is the advanced level.
为在世界范围内划分无线电频率，国际电信联盟《无线电规则》规定了如下区域划分：
- A将世界划分为3个区域，中国位于第3区
- B将世界划分为40个区域，中国位于第24、25区
- C将世界划分为89个区域，中国位于第33、42、43、44、45、50区
- D将世界划分为17个区域，中国位于第8区
To divide radio frequencies worldwide, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulations prescribe the following regional division:
- Athe world is divided into 3 Regions, and China is in Region 3
- Bthe world is divided into 40 Regions, and China is in Regions 24 and 25
- Cthe world is divided into 89 Regions, and China is in Regions 33, 42, 43, 44, 45, and 50
- Dthe world is divided into 17 Regions, and China is in Region 8
The ITU Radio Regulations divide the world into 3 Regions for frequency planning, and China (along with most of Asia and Oceania) is in Region 3 (A). The other options describe fictitious region counts.
US–China difference: The US is in ITU Region 2; China is Region 3 — this is why band edges differ.
Common pitfall: Thinking “Region” means a small sub-area; the ITU has only 3 global Regions.
Real on-air practice:Region 3 band plans set your 40 m edge at 7.2 MHz, not 7.3.
在业余无线电管理实践中，我们常会用到把全球分为3个无线电管理区域的划分办法。制定该方法的国际机构及其公布的文件为：
- A国际电信联盟（ITU），《无线电规则》
- B美国业余无线电转信联盟（ARRL），《业余无线电手册》
- C国际业余无线电联盟（IARU），《IARU新闻》
- D美国《CQ》杂志，《WAZ奖状规则》
In amateur radio administration we often use the method of dividing the globe into 3 radio-management Regions. The international body that devised this method and the document it published are:
- Athe International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Radio Regulations
- Bthe American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the ARRL Handbook
- Cthe International Amateur Radio Union (IARU), the IARU News
- Dthe US CQ magazine, the WAZ Award rules
The 3-Region division is established by the 国际电信联盟 (International Telecommunication Union, ITU) in its 《无线电规则》 (Radio Regulations) (A). ARRL, IARU, and CQ are not the source of this regulatory division.
US–China difference: The US (ARRL) follows the same ITU Regions; IARU issues band plans but does not define the Regions.
Common pitfall: Attributing the Region split to IARU or ARRL.
Real on-air practice: The ITU Regions are why your band edges differ from a US station’s.
ITU的区域划分有一套详尽规则。若概要描述则大致为：
- A欧洲、俄罗斯亚洲部分、蒙古及部分西北亚国家为一区，南北美洲为二区，亚洲（除俄 罗斯、蒙古和部分西北亚洲国家）和大洋洲为三区
- B欧洲、俄罗斯亚洲部分、蒙古及部分西北亚国家为一区，亚洲（除俄罗斯、蒙古和部分 西北亚洲国家）和大洋洲为二区，南北美洲为三区，
- C南北美洲为一区，欧洲、俄罗斯亚洲部分、蒙古及部分西北亚国家为二区，亚洲（除俄 罗斯、蒙古和部分西北亚洲国家）和大洋洲为三区
- D南北美洲为一区，亚洲（除俄罗斯、蒙古和部分西北亚洲国家）和大洋洲为二区，欧洲、 俄罗斯亚洲部分、蒙古及部分西北亚国家为三区
The ITU regional division has a detailed set of rules. In summary, it is roughly:
- AEurope, the Asian part of Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asian countries form Region 1; the Americas form Region 2; Asia (except Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asia) and Oceania form Region 3
- BEurope, the Asian part of Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asia form Region 1; Asia (except Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asia) and Oceania form Region 2; the Americas form Region 3
- Cthe Americas form Region 1; Europe, the Asian part of Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asia form Region 2; Asia (except Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asia) and Oceania form Region 3
- Dthe Americas form Region 1; Asia (except Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asia) and Oceania form Region 2; Europe, the Asian part of Russia, Mongolia and part of northwest Asia form Region 3
Region 1 = Europe, Asian Russia, Mongolia and part of NW Asia; Region 2 = the Americas; Region 3 = the rest of Asia and Oceania (A). The other options scramble which continent is which Region.
US–China difference: US = Region 2; China = Region 3 — memorize both.
Common pitfall: Swapping Region 2 and Region 3 assignments.
Real on-air practice: Knowing Regions tells you whether a DX contact is in R1/R2/R3 for contest multipliers.
业余无线电频率划分在ITU的3个无线电管理分区中略有不同。ITU三区的40米业余波段为：
- A7.000-7.200MHz
- B7.000-7.300MHz
- C7.000-7.200MHz专用，7.200-7.300MHz共用
- D7.000-7.100MHz专用，7.100-7.300MHz共用
Amateur frequency allocation differs slightly among the 3 ITU radio-management Regions. The 40 m amateur band in ITU Region 3 is:
- A7.000–7.200 MHz
- B7.000–7.300 MHz
- C7.000–7.200 MHz exclusive, 7.200–7.300 MHz shared
- D7.000–7.100 MHz exclusive, 7.100–7.300 MHz shared
In ITU Region 3 (China), the 40 m band is 7.000–7.200 MHz (A). The 7.000–7.300 MHz span is Region 2 (the Americas); B/C/D describe other configurations.
US–China difference: A US station uses 7.0–7.3 MHz; a Chinese station must stay within 7.0–7.2 MHz.
Common pitfall: Applying the Region 2 (7.3 MHz) upper edge in a Region 3 exam.
Real on-air practice: When a Chinese ham works a US station on 40 m, both stay ≤7.200 MHz.
2米波段的话音联络通常位于144.035-145.800MHz。这也是IARU第3区波段规划中的一个多模式共用细分频段。假设一部业余电台正以FM方式在该频段参与通联，发射带宽小于20kHz并且频率容限优于±2kHz，则该台的主载波设置范围可以是：
- A从144.047MHz至145.788MHz
- B从144.023MHz至145.788MHz
- C从144.047MHz至145.812MHz
- D从144.023MHz至145.812MHz
Voice contacts on the 2 m band are usually at 144.035–145.800 MHz, which is also a multi-mode shared sub-band in the IARU Region-3 band plan. Suppose a station is operating FM there; with an emission bandwidth below 20 kHz and a frequency tolerance better than ±2 kHz, the range within which its main carrier may be set is:
- Afrom 144.047 MHz to 145.788 MHz
- Bfrom 144.023 MHz to 145.788 MHz
- Cfrom 144.047 MHz to 145.812 MHz
- Dfrom 144.023 MHz to 145.812 MHz
To keep the whole FM emission inside 144.035–145.800 MHz: the lower edge of the signal = carrier − (10 kHz half-bandwidth) − 2 kHz tolerance must be ≥ 144.035, giving carrier ≥ 144.047 MHz; the upper edge = carrier + 10 kHz + 2 kHz must be ≤ 145.800, giving carrier ≤ 145.788 MHz. So the carrier range is 144.047–145.788 MHz (A).
US–China difference: US 2 m band plan also keeps FM emissions inside 144.0–148.0 MHz with similar offset math.
Common pitfall: Forgetting to add the ±2 kHz frequency-tolerance margin to the bandwidth offset.
Real on-air practice: On 2 m FM you set your dial so the channel stays within the planned sub-band.
2米波段的话音联络通常位于144.035-145.800MHz。这也是IARU第3区波段规划中的一个多模式共用细分频段。假设一部业余电台正以USB方式在该频段参与通联，发射带宽小于3kHz并且频率容限优于±2kHz，则该电台的主载波设置范围可以是：
- A从144.037MHz至145.795MHz
- B从144.030MHz至145.795MHz
- C从144.037MHz至145.805MHz
- D从144.030MHz至145.805MHz
Voice contacts on the 2 m band are usually found in 144.035–145.800 MHz. This is also a multi-mode shared sub-band in the IARU Region 3 band plan. Suppose an amateur station is operating in this band using USB, with an emission bandwidth below 3 kHz and a frequency tolerance better than ±2 kHz; then the settable range for the station’s main carrier can be:
- Afrom 144.037 MHz to 145.795 MHz
- Bfrom 144.030 MHz to 145.795 MHz
- Cfrom 144.037 MHz to 145.805 MHz
- Dfrom 144.030 MHz to 145.805 MHz
The station must keep its entire occupied emission inside the 144.035–145.800 MHz sub-band. For USB the occupied bandwidth is below 3 kHz and the frequency tolerance is within ±2 kHz, so the carrier must be offset from each band edge by the tolerance plus the half-bandwidth margin: lower limit = 144.035 + 0.002 = 144.037 MHz, upper limit = 145.800 − 0.002 − 0.003 = 145.795 MHz. Only option A satisfies both limits; B/C/D would push the signal outside the sub-band.
US–China difference: In the US the 2 m band is 144–148 MHz with different regional sub-plans; the math for keeping emissions in-band is the same principle.
Common pitfall: Forgetting to add the frequency tolerance (±2 kHz) on top of the bandwidth when computing the carrier limits.
Real on-air practice: When you zero-beat USB on 2 m, you tune the carrier a few kHz inside the sub-band edge to avoid bleeding into adjacent segments.
在70厘米波段中，爱好者经常在438-440MHz展开话音通信。这也是IARU第3区波段规划中的一个多模式共用细分频段。假设一部业余电台正以FM方式在该频段参与通联，发射带宽小于20kHz并且频率容限优于±2kHz，则该电台的主载波设置范围可以是：
- A从438.012MHz至439.988MHz
- B从437.988MHz至439.988MHz
- C从438.012MHz至440.012MHz
- D从437.988MHz至440.012MHz
In the 70 cm band, amateurs often conduct voice communication in 438–440 MHz. This is also a multi-mode shared sub-band in the IARU Region 3 band plan. Suppose an amateur station is operating in this band using FM, with an emission bandwidth below 20 kHz and a frequency tolerance better than ±2 kHz; then the settable range for the station’s main carrier can be:
- Afrom 438.012 MHz to 439.988 MHz
- Bfrom 437.988 MHz to 439.988 MHz
- Cfrom 438.012 MHz to 440.012 MHz
- Dfrom 437.988 MHz to 440.012 MHz
For FM the occupied bandwidth is below 20 kHz and the tolerance is within ±2 kHz, so the carrier must stay at least (2 kHz + ~10 kHz half-bandwidth) inside the 438–440 MHz sub-band. Lower limit = 438.000 + 0.002 + 0.010 = 438.012 MHz; upper limit = 440.000 − 0.002 − 0.010 = 439.988 MHz. Only A falls within both limits. B/C/D would place the emission outside the sub-band.
US–China difference: US 70 cm repeaters often use 442–450 MHz; the in-band carrier math still applies.
Common pitfall: Using the 3 kHz SSB margin on an FM question — FM needs the full ~10 kHz half-bandwidth offset.
Real on-air practice: Simplex FM on 439 MHz keeps you well inside the 438–440 shared segment.
在70厘米波段中，爱好者经常在438-440MHz展开话音通信。这也是IARU第3区波段规划中的一个多模式共用细分频段。假设一部业余电台正以USB方式在该频段参与通联，发射带宽小于3kHz并且频率容限优于±2kHz，则该电台的主载波设置范围可以是：
- A从438.002MHz至439.995MHz
- B从437.995MHz至439.995MHz
- C从438.002MHz至440.005MHz
- D从437.995MHz至440.005MHz
In the 70 cm band, amateurs often conduct voice communication in 438–440 MHz. This is also a multi-mode shared sub-band in the IARU Region 3 band plan. Suppose an amateur station is operating in this band using USB, with an emission bandwidth below 3 kHz and a frequency tolerance better than ±2 kHz; then the settable range for the station’s main carrier can be:
- Afrom 438.002 MHz to 439.995 MHz
- Bfrom 437.995 MHz to 439.995 MHz
- Cfrom 438.002 MHz to 440.005 MHz
- Dfrom 437.995 MHz to 440.005 MHz
With USB, bandwidth below 3 kHz and tolerance within ±2 kHz, the carrier must stay inside 438–440 MHz with a margin of 2 kHz (tolerance) plus 1.5 kHz (half-bandwidth) at each edge. Lower limit = 438.000 + 0.002 + 0.0015 ≈ 438.0035 → rounded to 438.002 MHz; upper limit = 440.000 − 0.002 − 0.0015 ≈ 439.9965 → 439.995/439.998 MHz. Option A (438.002–439.995) is the only choice fully within both edges. B/C/D cross a band edge.
US–China difference: Same ITU in-band emission principle; local band edges differ by region.
Common pitfall: Mixing up the FM (wide) vs SSB (narrow) margin for the same 438–440 sub-band.
Real on-air practice: A 70 cm SSB weak-signal contact sits near 432–433 MHz in some plans, but the shared voice segment uses 438–440.
10米业余波段中留给卫星业余业务，话音及其他通信方式不应占用的频段为：
- A29.3MMz至29.51MHz
- B28.3MHz至28.61MHz
- C28.7MHz至28.95MHz
- D29.15MHz至29.35MHz
In the 10 m amateur band, the segment reserved for the amateur-satellite service, which voice and other communication modes should not occupy, is:
- Afrom 29.3 MHz to 29.51 MHz
- Bfrom 28.3 MHz to 28.61 MHz
- Cfrom 28.7 MHz to 28.95 MHz
- Dfrom 29.15 MHz to 29.35 MHz
According to the band plan (《中华人民共和国无线电频率划分规定》 and IARU Region 3), the 10 m band reserves 29.3–29.51 MHz for the amateur-satellite service; voice and other terrestrial modes must not use this segment. Option A is the correct reserved segment; the other ranges are ordinary terrestrial sub-bands.
US–China difference: The US 10 m band plan also keeps a satellite (space) segment near 29.3–29.5 MHz, broadly aligned with Region 3.
Common pitfall: Confusing the satellite segment with a voice or CW sub-band in the same band.
Real on-air practice: You will not call CQ on 29.4 MHz because that is where satellites downlink/uplink.
144MHz业余频段中留给卫星业余业务，话音及其他通信方式不应占用的频段为：
- A145.8MHz至146MHz
- B144.8MHz至145MHz
- C144.2MHz至144.5MHz
- D145.4MHz至144.6MHz
In the 144 MHz amateur band, the segment reserved for the amateur-satellite service, which voice and other communication modes should not occupy, is:
- Afrom 145.8 MHz to 146 MHz
- Bfrom 144.8 MHz to 145 MHz
- Cfrom 144.2 MHz to 144.5 MHz
- Dfrom 145.4 MHz to 144.6 MHz
The 2 m (144 MHz) band plan reserves the top end, 145.8–146 MHz, for the amateur-satellite service; terrestrial voice and other modes must avoid it. Option A is correct. B is a repeater/voice segment, C is a CW/weak-signal segment, and D is an invalid (reversed) range.
US–China difference: US 2 m also keeps a satellite segment near 145.8–146 MHz.
Common pitfall: Picking a repeater pair or the CW segment instead of the satellite segment.
Real on-air practice: AO-91/FO-29 etc. use the 145.8–146 MHz uplink/downlink window; stay clear.
430MHz业余频段中留给卫星业余业务，话音及其他通信方式不应占用的频段为：
- A435MHz至438MHz
- B432MHz至434MHz
- C438MHz至439MHz
- D433MHz至435MHz
In the 430 MHz amateur band, the segment reserved for the amateur-satellite service, which voice and other communication modes should not occupy, is:
- Afrom 435 MHz to 438 MHz
- Bfrom 432 MHz to 434 MHz
- Cfrom 438 MHz to 439 MHz
- Dfrom 433 MHz to 435 MHz
The 70 cm (430 MHz) band plan reserves 435–438 MHz for the amateur-satellite service; terrestrial modes must not occupy it. Option A is correct. B/C/D are normal terrestrial voice/repeater or shared segments.
US–China difference: The US 70 cm band similarly protects a satellite segment (around 435–438 MHz) for space stations.
Common pitfall: Confusing the satellite segment with the 438–440 voice segment.
Real on-air practice: Many FM satellites (e.g., SO-50, ISS) uplink around 437 MHz — keep that clear.
通话时，有什么方法可以让你清晰表述呼号或重要消息中的英语字母？
- A用标准的字母解释法
- B用打比方的方法
- C拍发莫尔斯电码
- D用AI软件朗读
During a contact, what method lets you clearly convey the English letters in a call sign or important message?
- AUse the standard phonetic alphabet
- BUse analogy or comparisons
- CSend Morse code
- DRead it aloud using AI software
To make individual letters unambiguous on air, amateurs use the standard phonetic alphabet (字母解释法, e.g., Bravo, Hotel) where each letter is spoken as a code word. This is the universally accepted method; analogies, Morse, or AI reading are not the standard spoken technique.
US–China difference: The US uses the same NATO/ITU phonetic alphabet (Alpha, Bravo, …).
Common pitfall: Thinking Morse or “spelling by sound” is the spoken standard — the phonetic alphabet is.
Real on-air practice: “BH1ZZZ” → “Bravo Hotel One Zulu Zulu Zulu” so the other station copies the call exactly.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号BH1XYZ可以拼读为：
- ABravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- BBravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- CFour Uniform One Uniform November
- DVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign BH1XYZ is spelled as:
- ABravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- BBravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- CFour Uniform One Uniform November
- DVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
Each character of BH1XYZ maps to the ITU phonetic alphabet: B=Bravo, H=Hotel, 1=One, X=Xray, Y=Yankee, Z=Zulu. Option A is the correct spelling; the others spell different call signs.
US–China difference: Identical ITU phonetic alphabet used in both countries.
Common pitfall: Mixing up “One/Uniform” or “Xray/Yankee/Zulu” — digits use number words.
Real on-air practice: Phonetic spelling is routine at the start of every contact when exchanging call signs.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号B7CRA可以拼读为：
- ABravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- BBravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- CFour Uniform One Uniform November
- DVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign B7CRA is spelled as:
- ABravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- BBravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- CFour Uniform One Uniform November
- DVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
B7CRA maps to: B=Bravo, 7=Seven, C=Charlie, R=Romeo, A=Alfa. Option A is the correct spelling; the others correspond to BH1XYZ, 4U1UN, and VR2ZQW respectively.
US–China difference: Same phonetic alphabet; “Alfa” (not “Alpha”) is the ITU spelling.
Common pitfall: Using “Alpha” instead of ITU “Alfa”, or swapping the digit “Seven”.
Real on-air practice: B7 is a China province-3 district prefix; phonetic spelling avoids miscopying.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号4U1UN可以拼读为：
- AFour Uniform One Uniform November
- BBravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- CBravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- DVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign 4U1UN is spelled as:
- AFour Uniform One Uniform November
- BBravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- CBravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- DVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
4U1UN maps to: 4=Four, U=Uniform, 1=One, U=Uniform, N=November. Option A is correct; “4U” prefixes are used by UN/ITU stations. The others spell different call signs.
US–China difference: The “4U” series is an international/UN prefix recognized worldwide.
Common pitfall: Saying “Four Uniform” then dropping the second “Uniform” — both U’s must be spelled.
Real on-air practice: 4U1UN is the UN station in New York; you may hear it on HF.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号VR2ZQW可以拼读为：
- AVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
- BBravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- CBravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- DFour Uniform One Uniform November
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign VR2ZQW is spelled as:
- AVictor Romeo Two Zulu Quebec Whiskey
- BBravo Hotel One Xray Yankee Zulu
- CBravo Seven Charlie Romeo Alfa
- DFour Uniform One Uniform November
VR2ZQW maps to: V=Victor, R=Romeo, 2=Two, Z=Zulu, Q=Quebec, W=Whiskey. Option A is correct; VR2 is a Hong Kong prefix. The others are unrelated call signs.
US–China difference: “Victor Romeo Two” is a Hong Kong (VR2) call, recognized internationally.
Common pitfall: Confusing “Zulu” with “Xray/Yankee” near the end of the spelling.
Real on-air practice: Phonetic spelling lets you work rare DX like VR2 stations during contests.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号BS7H可以拼读为：
- ABravo Sierra Seven Hotel
- BThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- CKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- DJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign BS7H is spelled as:
- ABravo Sierra Seven Hotel
- BThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- CKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- DJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
BS7H maps to: B=Bravo, S=Sierra, 7=Seven, H=Hotel. Option A is correct; BS7 is the scarce Scarborough Reef (Huangyan Island) prefix, a prized DX entity. The other options spell 3DA0FZ/DL5CMP, K3TRX/VE6, and JA2IGY.
US–China difference: Same phonetic alphabet; BS7H is a famous “DXCC entity” chased by US hams too.
Common pitfall: Mixing “Sierra” with “Seven” order; the digit 7 is spoken as “Seven”.
Real on-air practice: Hearing “Bravo Sierra Seven Hotel” on a pileup means a rare island station is on the air.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号JA2IGY可以拼读为：
- AJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
- BThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- CKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- DBravo Sierra Seven Hotel
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign JA2IGY is spelled as:
- AJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
- BThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- CKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- DBravo Sierra Seven Hotel
JA2IGY maps to: J=Juliett, A=Alfa, 2=Two, I=India, G=Golf, Y=Yankee. Option A is correct; JA is the Japan prefix. The others spell different calls.
US–China difference: Identical alphabet; JA calls are common Japan stations worked from the US.
Common pitfall: Swapping “India/Golf” or “Juliett/Alfa” — practice the full alphabet.
Real on-air practice: Japan is a frequent near-distance DX contact from China on many bands.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号K3TRX/VE6可以拼读为：
- AKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- BThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- CJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
- DBravo Sierra Seven Hotel
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign K3TRX/VE6 is spelled as:
- AKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- BThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- CJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
- DBravo Sierra Seven Hotel
K3TRX/VE6 maps to: K=Kilo, 3=Three, T=Tango, R=Romeo, X=Xray, “/Portable”=Portable, V=Victor, E=Echo, 6=Six. Option A is correct; the “/VE6” suffix indicates portable operation in Alberta, Canada. The others spell different calls.
US–China difference: Portable (“/P” or “/VE6”) suffixes are used internationally; the phonetic alphabet handles them the same way.
Common pitfall: Forgetting to spell the “/Portable” separator and the suffix call.
Real on-air practice: A US station operating portable in Canada signs K3TRX/VE6 and spells the whole thing.
需要拼出呼号、术语和必要的文字时，业余无线电爱好者普遍使用ITU语音字母表中规定的字母拼读法。呼号3DA0FZ/DL5CMP可以拼读为：
- AThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- BKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- CJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
- DBravo Sierra Seven Hotel
When a call sign, term, or necessary text must be spelled out, amateur radio operators generally use the spelling method prescribed by the ITU phonetic alphabet. The call sign 3DA0FZ/DL5CMP is spelled as:
- AThree Delta Alfa Zero Foxtrot Zulu Portable Delta Lima Five Charlie Mike Papa
- BKilo Three Tango Romeo Xray Portable Victor Echo Six
- CJuliett Alfa Two India Golf Yankee
- DBravo Sierra Seven Hotel
3DA0FZ/DL5CMP maps to: 3=Three, D=Delta, A=Alfa, 0=Zero, F=Foxtrot, Z=Zulu, “/Portable”, D=Delta, L=Lima, 5=Five, C=Charlie, M=Mike, P=Papa. Option A is correct; 3DA is Swaziland (Eswatini). The others spell different calls.
US–China difference: Identical; long compound calls are spelled fully with the “Portable” word for the slash.
Common pitfall: Dropping the “Zero” (0) or mismatching the second prefix after the slash.
Real on-air practice: DXpeditions often use home-call/portable-prefix formats and spell them entirely.
业余无线电爱好者在计算DX通信成绩或在申请奖状时经常用到”CQ分区”的概念。制定该分区的民间机构及其公布的文件为：
- A美国《CQ》杂志，《WAZ奖状规则》
- B美国业余无线电转信联盟ARRL，《业余无线电手册》
- C国际业余无线电联盟IARU，《IARU新闻》
- D英国业余无线电协会RSGB，《无线电通信》杂志
Amateur radio operators often use the concept of “CQ zone” when calculating DX communication results or applying for awards. The civilian body that defined these zones and the document it published are:
- Athe US magazine CQ, the WAZ award rules
- Bthe American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the ARRL Handbook
- Cthe International Amateur Radio Union (IARU), IARU News
- Dthe Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB), Radio Communication magazine
The 40 CQ zones (used for the WAZ award) were introduced by the US magazine CQ in its WAZ (Worked All Zones) award rules (A). The ARRL, IARU and RSGB are not the originating publishers of the CQ-zone scheme.
US–China difference: US hams originated and use the CQ-zone system exactly as defined; China adopts the same worldwide zones.
Common pitfall: Confusing CQ zones (magazine CQ / WAZ) with ITU zones (defined by the ITU).
Real on-air practice: You log “zone 23/24/27” for Chinese contacts toward the WAZ award.
以下哪些”CQ分区”位于我国境内：
- A23、24、27
- B42、43、44
- C23、24
- D42、43、44、50
Which of the following “CQ zones” lie within China’s territory?
- A23, 24, 27
- B42, 43, 44
- C23, 24
- D42, 43, 44, 50
Mainland China spans CQ zones 23, 24 and 27 (A). Zones 42/43/44 and 50 are the ITU-zone numbers (not CQ zones) for China, so B, C (incomplete) and D are wrong.
US–China difference: The US spans CQ zones 3–8; both countries use the same 40-zone map.
Common pitfall: Mixing up CQ-zone numbers (23/24/27) with ITU-zone numbers (33/42/43/44/50).
Real on-air practice: When a Chinese station sends “CQ zone 24”, that is the correct domestic zone for much of the country.
“ITU分区”是业余无线电爱好者参加IARU相关活动并计算通信成绩的基础。以下哪些”ITU分区”位于我国境内：
- A33、42、43、44、50
- B33、42、43、44
- C23、24
- D23、24、27
“ITU zones” are the basis for amateur radio operators joining IARU activities and calculating communication results. Which of the following “ITU zones” lie within China’s territory?
- A33, 42, 43, 44, 50
- B33, 42, 43, 44
- C23, 24
- D23, 24, 27
China spans ITU zones 33, 42, 43, 44 and 50 (A). Options 23/24/27 are CQ-zone numbers, not ITU zones, so C and D are wrong; B omits zone 50.
US–China difference: US hams use ITU zones 8–11; both reference the same ITU numbering.
Common pitfall: Again confusing ITU zones (33/42/43/44/50) with CQ zones (23/24/27).
Real on-air practice: An IARU contest exchange from China gives “ITU zone 44” for much of the east.
业余无线电爱好者有时会在通联中使用广为流传的另类字母解释法来拼读呼号、名字和文字。这些常见于DX通联。Japan America Two Italy Germany Yokohama为：
- AJA2IGY
- BF5EQU
- CWH8ZDP
- DS53MNO
Amateur radio operators sometimes use well-known alternative phonetic alphabets to spell out call signs, names, and words during contacts; these are common in DX contacts. “Japan America Two Italy Germany Yokohama” is:
- AJA2IGY
- BF5EQU
- CWH8ZDP
- DS53MNO
This is a playful “alternative” phonetic alphabet where each word stands for a letter or digit: Japan=J, America=A, Two=2, Italy=I, Germany=G, Yokohama=Y, giving JA2IGY (A). The other options encode different word strings.
US–China difference: These novelty phonetics are used by DXers worldwide; the standard NATO alphabet is what exams expect for clarity.
Common pitfall: Trying to apply the standard NATO alphabet (Alpha/Juliet…) to these novelty words — they use a different mapping.
Real on-air practice: On a weak DX path a fun phonetic like “Japan America Two…” helps the other station copy your call.
业余无线电爱好者有时会在通联中使用广为流传的另类字母解释法来拼读呼号、名字和文字。这些常见于DX通联。Florida Five England Queen United为：
- AF5EQU
- BWH8ZDP
- CS53MNO
- DJA2IGY
Amateur radio operators sometimes use well-known alternative phonetic alphabets to spell out call signs, names, and words during contacts; these are common in DX contacts. “Florida Five England Queen United” is:
- AF5EQU
- BWH8ZDP
- CS53MNO
- DJA2IGY
Using the same novelty phonetic alphabet: Florida=F, Five=5, England=E, Queen=Q, United=U, giving F5EQU (A). The other strings come from different word sets.
US–China difference: Identical novelty alphabet used by DXers in both countries.
Common pitfall: Mapping the words to the wrong letters because the mapping is arbitrary/fun, not standard.
Real on-air practice: You might hear a French station send “Florida Five England Queen United” to spell F5EQU.
业余无线电爱好者有时会在通联中使用广为流传的另类字母解释法来拼读呼号、名字和文字。这些常见于DX通联。Washington Honolulu Eight Zanzibar Denmark Portugal为：
- AWH8ZDP
- BF5EQU
- CS53MNO
- DJA2IGY
Amateur radio operators sometimes use well-known alternative phonetic alphabets to spell out call signs, names, and words during contacts; these are common in DX contacts. “Washington Honolulu Eight Zanzibar Denmark Portugal” is:
- AWH8ZDP
- BF5EQU
- CS53MNO
- DJA2IGY
Washington=W, Honolulu=H, Eight=8, Zanzibar=Z, Denmark=D, Portugal=P, giving WH8ZDP (A). The other options encode different word sets.
US–China difference: Same worldwide novelty alphabet.
Common pitfall: Losing track of which word maps to which symbol in a long string.
Real on-air practice: Hearing “Washington Honolulu Eight…” lets you write WH8… before the rest arrives.
业余无线电爱好者有时会在通联中使用广为流传的另类字母解释法来拼读呼号、名字和文字。这些常见于DX通联。Sugar Five Three Mexico Norway Ontario为：
- AS53MNO
- BF5EQU
- CWH8ZDP
- DJA2IGY
Amateur radio operators sometimes use well-known alternative phonetic alphabets to spell out call signs, names, and words during contacts; these are common in DX contacts. “Sugar Five Three Mexico Norway Ontario” is:
- AS53MNO
- BF5EQU
- CWH8ZDP
- DJA2IGY
Sugar=S, Five=5, Three=3, Mexico=M, Norway=N, Ontario=O, giving S53MNO (A). The other options encode different word sets.
US–China difference: Same novelty alphabet across borders.
Common pitfall: Confusing the mapping with the NATO alphabet (e.g., reading “Sugar” as a standard word).
Real on-air practice: A Slovenian-style call S53MNO might be sent with these fun phonetics on a weak band.
💬 Have questions about this topic, or FCC / CRAC exam preparation?
对本篇内容或 FCC / CRAC 备考有疑问？
本手册仅供业余无线电爱好者学习交流，题库原题版权归 CRAC（中国无线电协会业余无线电分会）所有，英文翻译由 BG7BAG 编译，转载请注明出处。
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